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Quiz 10
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Q.1
Excessive supply of chemical fertilizers often causes wilting/death of crop plants due to ... ....
0%
a) Exosmosis
0%
b) Endosmosis
0%
c) Imbibition
0%
d) Turgidity
Explanation
Excessive supply of chemical fertilizers often causes wilting/death of crop plants due to Exosmosis Answer : (a)
Q.2
Energy source responsible for upward flow of water is .... ...
0%
a) ATP
0%
b) Sucrose
0%
c) Solar heat
0%
d) Light
Explanation
The rate of transpiration is high on a bright sunny day due to excessive heat produced by solar heat Answer : (c)
Q.3
Transpiration is mainly a process of .... ... [ Odisha 2005]
0%
a) Imbibition
0%
b) Respiration
0%
c) Osmotic pressure
0%
d) Diffusion
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.4
Water potential in closely placed cell (p, q, r) is given below. Find out correct direction of water movement a) p → q b) q → r c) r - p d) r - q
Cell
Osmotic Potential
(MPa)
Pressure Potential
(MPa)
p
-0.21
0.05
q
-0.22
0.02
r
-0.23
0.05
0%
a) a, b
0%
b) b, c
0%
c) a, d
0%
d) b, d
Explanation
water will move from an area of higher water potential to an area that is lower potential Water potential (Ψ) is actually determined by taking into account two factors - osmotic (or solute) potential (ΨS) and pressure potential (ΨP). The formula for calculating water potential is Ψ = ΨS + ΨP. Water potential of p = -0.21 + 0.05 = -0.16 Water potential of q = -0.22 + 0.02 = -0.20 Water potential of r = -0.23 + 0.05 = -0.18 Water potential of p > Water potential of q water will flow from p to q Water potential of r > Water potential of q, water will flow from r yo q Answer : (c)
Q.5
Which one is correct? ... ...[ Manipal 2000 ]
0%
a) ψm = ψp +ψs + ψw
0%
b) ψw = ψp + ψs + ψm
0%
c) ψp = ψw + ψm + ψs
0%
d) ψw = ψw + ψp + ψp + ψs
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.6
Whose water potential is less than water potential of root hair during water absorption (by root hair) ... .... [ Guj CET 2011]
0%
a) Gravitational water
0%
b) Pure water
0%
c) Vacuolar sap
0%
d) Soil solution
Explanation
Vacuolar sap has lower water potental During water absorption by root hair the water movement is possible if water potential of vacuolar sap is lower than root hair water potential. Answer : (c)
Q.7
"Osmosis is flow of solution from higher concentration to solution of lower concentration to solution of lower concentration through semi-permeable membrane". Which is incorrect in the statement? ... ..... [ AFMC 1997]
0%
a) Exact concentration of solution is not given
0%
b) Character of semipermeable membrane is not given
0%
c) Flow of solution is not possible through semipermeable membrane
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Osmosis is defined as the flow of solvent molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration across a semipermeable It is not about SOLUTION Answer : (c)
Q.8
Enzyme connected with stomatal opening is ... ....
0%
a) Pyruvic kinase
0%
b) Cytochrome oxidase
0%
c) PEP carboxylase
0%
d) RuBISCO
Explanation
PEP carboxylase or PEPcase it forms other 4-carbon compounds like malic acid or aspartic, which are respnsible for opening of stomata acid in the mesophyll cells itself, Answer : (c)
Q.9
Apoplast is the system of adjacent cell walls that is continuous throughout the plant except at the ... ...[ HPPMT 2010]
0%
a) Plasmodesmata
0%
b) Vessel elements
0%
c) Casparian strips of endodermis
0%
d) Tracheid
Explanation
Apoplast Pathway : It is the system of adjacent cell walls that is continuous throughout the plant except casparian strips of the endodermis of the roots. Answer : (c)
Q.10
What is true? ... ... [ Har PMT 2005]
0%
a) ABA opens stoma
0%
b) ABA opens stomata while cytokinin closes stomata
0%
c) ABA closes while cytokinin opens stomata
0%
d) ABA and cytokinin do not affect stomata
Explanation
ABA and JA are positive regulators of stomatal closure, while auxin and cytokinins are positive regulators of stomatal opening Answer : (c)
Q.11
In biological system, the terms osmosis involves the diffusion of ... ..... [ Odisha 2008]
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a) Water
0%
b) Solutes
0%
c) Energy
0%
d) Both a and b
Explanation
In biological system, the terms osmosis involves the diffusion of water Answer : (a)
Q.12
Turgor pressure develops in epiblema cells of root due to ... ..[ Tamilnadu 2002]
0%
a) High water potential of cortical cells
0%
b) Entry of water into root hairs and increase in volume of cell sap
0%
c) Filling of large vacuole in root hair with cell sap
0%
d) Osmotic diffusion of water into pericycle through passage cells
Explanation
The epidermis is the outermost layer of cells that covers the whole plant. turgor pressure is caused by the osmotic flow of water and occurs in plants, fungi, and bacteria Answer : (b)
Q.13
A cell kept in a solution increases in volume. The solution is ... ..[ Pb. PMT 2001]
0%
a) Hypotonic
0%
b) Isotonic
0%
c) Hypertonic
0%
d) Either a or b
Explanation
A hypotonic solution is one in which the concentration of solutes is lower than cell, thus water enters in cell Answer : (a)
Q.14
Osmotic potential and pressure potential of three cells a, b, c located in different parts of an actively transpiring plant are .... [ EAMCET 2009] Which ones are root hair, root cortical and mesophyll cells respectively
Cell
O.P. (MPa)
P.P.(MPa)
a
-0.87
0.44
b
-0.92
0.34
c
-0.68
0.27
0%
a) a, b, c
0%
b) a, c, b
0%
c) c, a, b
0%
d) b, c, a
Explanation
Water potentail of a = -0.87 + 0.44 = -0.43 Water potentail of b = -0.92 + 0.34 = -0.58 Water potentail of c = -0.68 + 0.27 = -0.41 Water flows from figher water potential to lower water potential c have highest water potental so must be root hair , b have lowest water potential must be mesophyll cell Answer : (c)
Q.15
Osmotic potential is depicted as ... ... [ RPMT 1998]
0%
a) (-)
0%
b) (+)
0%
c) X
0%
d) (+)
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.16
Phloem sap is mainly made of ... ... [ AMU 2012]
0%
a) Water, minerals and sucrose
0%
b) Water and minerals
0%
c) Oligosaccharides and hormones
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Phloem sap consists primarily of sugars, hormones, and mineral elements dissolved in water. Answer : (a)
Q.17
Stomata generally open during the day because the guard cells have ... ... [ MPPMT 1993]
0%
a) Outer thin wall
0%
b) Chlorophyll
0%
c) Kidney-shape
0%
d) Larger nuclei
Explanation
Stomata are open during the day because this is when photosynthesis typically occurs. Guard cells also contain chloroplasts, the light-capturing organelles in plants. Answer : (b)
Q.18
Who is related to ascent of sap ... ... [ CET Chd. 2006]
0%
a) McClung
0%
b) J.C. Bose
0%
c) A. Fleming
0%
d) J. Lederberg
Explanation
Sir J.C. Bose (1923) proposed a vital theory for the ascent of sap. McClung discovered the role of chromosomes in sex-determination. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin J. Lederberg is a molecular biologist known for his work in microbial genetics, artificial intelligence Answer : (b)
Q.19
Transpiration is high in ... ...[ MPPMT 1993]
0%
a) Rainy season/high humidity
0%
b) winter
0%
c) High temperature
0%
d) Low wind velocity
Explanation
Transpiration is high in High temperature Answer : (c)
Q.20
A cell when dipped in 0.5M sucrose solution has no effect but when the same cell is dipped in 0.5 M NaCl solution, it will ... .... [ AFMC 2005]
0%
a) Increase in size
0%
b) Decrease in size
0%
c) Becomes turgid
0%
d) Gets plasmolysed
Explanation
van't Hoff factor (i)=2 because NaCl dissociates into ions when it is in the solution. NaCl → Na+ + Cl- Where as van't Hoff factor (i)=1 because glucose do not dissociate into ions when it is in the solution. Therefore NaCl is more hypertonic. Cells constantly lose water to decrease in size Answer : (d)
Q.21
When a cell is fully turgid, which of the following will be zero ... .... [ BHU 1991]
0%
a) Turgor pressure/pressure potential
0%
b) Wall pressure
0%
c) Suction pressure/DPD/water potential
0%
d) Osmotic pressure ( solute pressure)
Explanation
When a cell is fully turgid, its OP is equal to TP and DPD is zero. Section pressure and water potential is zero Answer : (c)
Q.22
Amount by which water potential is reduced due to presence of solute is called .... ...[ AMU 2002]
0%
a) Pressure potential
0%
b) Solute potential
0%
c) Matric potential
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Solute potential is the component of water potential that is due to the presence of solute molecules. It always has a negative value as solutes lower the water potential of the system. Answer : (b)
Q.23
In root hair, water enters due to .... .... [ RPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Diffusion
0%
b) W.P.
0%
c) T.P.
0%
d) O.P.
Explanation
Water is absorbed by the root hair cell by the process called, Osmosis Answer : (d)
Q.24
Ionic flux of guard cells directly connected with expenditure of energy is ... ...[ EAMCET 2008]
0%
a) Outward movement of protons
0%
b) Outward movement of malate
0%
c) Inward movement of K+
0%
d) Inward movement of Cl
Explanation
Keeping the stomata open requires a constant expenditure of ATP, and the guard cells remain turgid only as long as ions are actively pumped into the cells. The opening of gas exchange pores requires the uptake of potassium ions into guard cells. Potassium channels and pumps have been identified and shown to function in the uptake of ions and opening of stomatal apertures Answer : (a)
Q.25
Root pressure is maximum at the time of ... ... [ JIPMER 2002]
0%
a) Water absorption as well as transpiration are low
0%
b) Both water absorption and transpiration are high
0%
c) Absorption is low and transpiration is high
0%
d) Absorption is high and transpiration is low
Explanation
Root pressure can transport water and dissolved mineral nutrients from roots through the xylem to the tops of relatively short plants when transpiration is low or zero. Answer : (d)
Q.26
Water absorbed by root in order to meet the requirement of transpiration is due to ... ...[ JIPMER 2003]
0%
a) Transpiration pull
0%
b) Osmosis
0%
c) Imbibition
0%
d) Plasmolysis
Explanation
Water absorbed by root in order to meet the requirement of transpiration is due to Osmosis Osmosis is the movement of water from low solute concentration to high concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. Answer : (b)
Q.27
The relation πν = nRT is not obeyed by ... .... [ W.B. 2012]
0%
a) Concentrated solution
0%
b) Dilute solution
0%
c) Extremely dilute solution
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
The van't Hoff theory describes that substances in dilute solution obey the ideal gas laws, resulting to the osmotic pressure formula given as πν = nRT Answer : (a)
Q.28
The term water potential was coined by ... ..
0%
a) Sayre
0%
b) Von Mohl
0%
c) Lloyed
0%
d) Slatyer and Taylor
Explanation
Water potential term was coined by Slatyer and Taylor (1960). Answer : (d)
Q.29
Assertion: In angiosperms, the conduction of water is more efficient because their xylem has vessels Reason: Conduction of water by vessel elements is an active process with energy supplied by xylem parenchyma rich in mitochondria .... ..[ AIIMS 2006]
0%
a) If both the assertion and reason are true and reason explains the assertion
0%
b) If both the assertion and reason are true but reason does not explain the assertion.
0%
c) If assertion is true but reason is false
0%
d) If both are wrong
Explanation
Conduction of water through vessel elements does not use active energy, it is a passive process. Transpiration pull force helps in the upward movement of water into the xylem vessels Reason is not correct. Answer : (c)
Q.30
Root hairs occur in the zone of ... ... [ kerala 2003]
0%
a) Cell division
0%
b) Cell elongation
0%
c) Cell maturation
0%
d) Mature cells
Explanation
Root hairs are found only in the region of maturation of the root Answer : (c)
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