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Organisms And Population Mcq
Quiz 4
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Q.1
What type of human population is represented by the following age pyramid?
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a) Stable population
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b) Declining population
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c) Expanding population
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d) Vanishing population
Explanation
Age pyramid is narrow at the bottom, i.e., Pre -reproductive is lower than reproductive and post reproductive. This signifes that population is ageing. Population is declining Answer:(b)
Q.2
Which one of the following pairs of organisms are exotic species introduced in India
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a) Ficus religiosa , Lantana camara
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b) Lantana camara, Water hyacinth
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c) Water hyacinth, Prosopis cineraria
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d) Nile perch, Ficus religiosa
Explanation
Lantana, Eichhornia and Parthenium are all exotic species, which had been introduced in India. Lantana camara has replaced many species in forests of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Eichhornia (Water hyacinth) has clogged water bodies including wetlands resulting in death of servral aquatic plants and animals. Answer:(c)
Q.3
Which one of the following is a matching pair of certain organism(s) and the kind of association? a) Shark and suckers fish – commensalism b) Algae and fungi in lichens – mutualism c) Orchids growing on trees – parasitism d) Cuscuta (dodder) growing in other flowering plants – epiphytism
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a) (a) and (b).
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b) (a) and (c).
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c) (c) and (d).
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d) (b) and (c).
Explanation
Sucker fish (Echeneis, Remora) attaches to the underside of a shark by means of its sucker (modified dorsal fin) located on its head. It rides along fixed to the shark, but occasionally detaches itself long enough to capture the fragments falling off from the shark's prey. This is example of commensalism. Statement (a) is correct. Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and photosynthesising algae or cyanobacteria. Statement (b) is correct. An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch is example of commensalism. Statement (c) is incorrect. Cuscuta, a parasitic plant that is commonly found growing on hedge plants, has lost its chlorophyll and leaves in the course of evolution. It derives its nutrition from the host plant. This is an example of parasite. Statement (d) is incorrect. Answer:(a)
Q.4
Monarch butterfly escapes from predators by
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a) foul smell
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b) bitter taste
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c) colour combination
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d) rough skin
Explanation
The Monarch butterfly is highly distasteful to its predator (bird) because of a special chemical present in its body. Interestingly, the butterfly acquires this chemical during its caterpillar stage by feeding on a poisonous weed. Answer:(b)
Q.5
The soils transported by water are called
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a) peat
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b) alluvial
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c) colluvial
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d) none of these
Explanation
Alluvium is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Answer:(b)
Q.6
An organism which lives at the expense of another organism is called
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a) predator
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b) prey
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c) host
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d) parasite
Explanation
A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host. Answer:(d)
Q.7
Assertion: Small sized animals are rarely found in Polar Regions. Reason: Small sized animals have larger surface area relative to their volume and they have to spend much energy to generate body heat through metabolism.
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
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b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.
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c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
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d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Explanation
Heat loss or heat gain is a function of surface area. Since small animals have a larger surface area relative to their volume, they tend to lose body heat very fast when it is cold outside; then they have to expend much energy to generate body heat through metabolism. This is the main reason why very small animals are rarely found in polar regions. Assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion. Answer:(a)
Q.8
What is the composition of soil with high waterlogging capicity ?
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a) Sandy soil
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b) Black soil (loan soil)
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c) Rocky soil
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d) Any one of these
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.9
Choose the combination of correct options: (i) Many xerophytic plants have thick cuticle on leaf epidermis and sunken stomata. (ii) Some xerophytic plants have specialised photosynthetic pathway (CAM) that enables their stomata close during day. (iii) Opuntia has spines (modified leaves), photosynthetic phylloclade (stem). (iv) Adaptations are genetically fixed in organisms. (v) Adaptations are not genetically fixed.
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a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
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b) (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v).
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c) (i), (iii), (iv) and (v).
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d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (v).
Explanation
Many adaptations have evolved over a long evolutionary time and are genetically fixed. Many desert plants have a thick cuticle on their leaf surfaces and have their stomata arranged in deep pits (sunken) to minimise water loss through transpiration. They also have a special photosynthetic pathway (CAM) that enables their stomata to remain closed during day time. Some desert plants like Opuntia, have no leaves – they are reduced to spines– and the photosynthetic function is taken over by the flattened stems. Answer:(a)
Q.10
Gause’s exclusion principle is related to:
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a) Resource partitioning.
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b) Totally unrelated species, competing for the same resource.
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c) Closely related species growing in the same habitat.
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d) Maintains species diversity.
Explanation
Gause’s ‘Competitive Exclusion Principle’ states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually. This may be true if resources are limiting, but not otherwise. Answer:(c)
Q.11
Which animal is capable of obtaining water by oxidation of lipid.
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a) Rat
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b) Earthworm
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c) Mole
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d) Kangaroo rat
Explanation
In the absence of an external source of water, the kangaroo rat in North American deserts is capable of meeting all its water requirements through its internal fat oxidation (in which water is a by product). It also has the ability to concentrate its urine so that minimal volume of water is used to remove excretory products. Answer:(d)
Q.12
Parasitic animal which is part of bio-geo community and included as zoo planktons and mesofauna of terrestrial ecosystem is ....
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a) Moles
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b) mites
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c) Earthworms
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d) leech
Explanation
Parasitic animal which is part of bio-geo community and included as zoo planktons and mesofauna of tenestrial ecosystem is mites Answer:(b)
Q.13
What is correct for the given statement ? Statement P : Environmental study is linked with ecology StatementQ : Ecology is included in environmental study.
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a) Both statement are true
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b) Both statement are wrong
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c) P is right and Q is wrong
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d) P is wrong and Q is right
Explanation
Ecology is the study of the environment, and helps us understand how organisms live with each other in unique physical environments Answer:(a)
Q.14
A plant formed by the combination of algae and fungi is a pioneer of which type of succession ?
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a) Xerosere
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b) Hydrosere
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c) Mesosere
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d) None of these
Explanation
The species that invade a bare area are called pioneer species. In primary succession on rocks these are usually lichens which are able to secrete acids to dissolve rock, helping in weathering and soil formation. These later pave way to some very small plants like bryophytes, which are able to take hold in the small amount of soil. They are, with time, succeeded by higher plants, and after several more stages, ultimately a stable climax forest community is formed. The climax community remains stable as long as the environment remains unchanged. With time the xerophytic habitat gets converted into a mesophytic one. Answer:(a)
Q.15
In a population of salmon fish, potential Natality is 10,000 while realised mortality is 200, then the Vitlal Index =
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a) 50,
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b) less then 50
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c) mor then 50
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d) None of these
Explanation
Vitlal Index = The ratio of births to deaths within a population during a given time. Vitlal Index = 10000/200 = 50 Answer:(b)
Q.16
In which of the following organism water is stored in its transformed from and not water as such ?
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a) camel
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b) uromatrix
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c) spiny tailed lizard
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d) rat
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.17
What is true for the given statements ? Statement X : Protopterus aestivate during winter to overcome dry period Statement Y : The process of aestivation in protopterus is to overcome unfavourable condition
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a) Both statements are true
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b) X-Correct Y- wrong
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c) Both statements are wrong
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d) X- wrong Y- correct
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.18
Whats percentage of earth is occupied by marine habitat ? (1) 71% (2) 4 % (3) 67% (4) 29%
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a) 1,2
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b) 2,3
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c) 1,4
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d) 1
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.19
Under unfavourable conditions, many zooplankton species in lakes and ponds are known to enter a stage of suspended development called as
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a) Dormancy
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b) Hibernation
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c) Asestivation
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d) Diapause
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.20
Which of the following are important biotic factors that can affect the structure and organization of biological communities?
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a) Temperature and rainfall
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b) Nutrient availability and soil pH
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c) Predation and competition
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d) Light intensity and seasonality
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.21
When does the growth rate of a population following the logistic model equal zero? The logistic model is given as
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a) When N nears the carrying capacity of the habitat
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b) When N/K equals zero
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c) When death rate is greater than birth rate
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d) When N/K is exactly one
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.22
Study the four statements (1-4) given below and select the two correct ones out of them a) A lion eating a deer and a sparrow feeding on grain are ecologically similar in being consumers b) Predator star fish Pisaster helps in maintaining species diversity of some invertebrates c) Predators ultimately lead to the extinction of prey species d) Production of chemicals such as nicotine, strychnine by the plants are metabolic disorders The two correct statements are
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a) (2) and (3)
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b) (3) and (4)
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c) (1) and (4)
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d) (1) and (2)
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.23
Niche overlap indicates
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a) active co-operation between two species
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b) two different parasites on the same host
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c) sharing of one or more resources between the two species
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d) mutualism between two species
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.24
Mutualism is found in
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a) hermit crab and sea anemone
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b) ox pecker and rhinoceros
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c) zoochlorellae and Hydra
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d) E.Coil and man
Explanation
hermit crab and sea anemone shows type of symbiosis they engage in is called commensalism mutualistic relationship is that of the oxpecker (a kind of bird) and the rhinoceros or zebra zoochlorellae and Hydra shows stable symbiosis symbiotic relationships between E.Coil and man are shown to follow the type mutualism, commensalism, parasitism and habitation Answer:(c)
Q.25
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below
Column I
Column II
A. Commensalism
(i) One inhibited other unaffected
B. Parasitism
(ii) One benefitted, other unaffected
C. Mutualism
(iii) Both are benefitted
D. Amensalism
(iv) One benefitted, other harmed
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a) A = (iv), B = (ii), C – (iii), D =(i)
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b) A = (iii), B = (iv), C – (ii), D =(i)
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c) A = (ii), B = (iv), C – (iii), D =(i)
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d) A = (ii), B = (iv), C – (i), D =(iii)
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.26
Animals which live at the bottom of the sea are called
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a) leutic
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b) benthic
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c) pelagic
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d) none of these
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.27
Which of the following organisms are involved in Connell’s elegant field experiment?
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a) Balanus and warblers.
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b) Warblers and Abingdon tortoise.
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c) Flamingos and warblers.
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d) Balanus and Chathamalus.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.28
Population A has an intrinsic rate of natural increase of 0.Population B has an intrinsic rate of natural increase of 0. Population C has an intrinsic rate of natural increase of 0.4 and Population D has an intrinsic rate of natural increase of 0. Which population will increase fastest among all the population given:
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a) D.
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b) C.
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c) B.
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d) A.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.29
Choose the correct combination of labelling of the zones of water in a lake:
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a) (a) – Limnetic zone, (b) – Profundal zone, (c) Littoral zone, (d) – Light compensation level.
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b) (a) – Littoral zone, (b) – Profundal zone, (c) Limnetic zone, (d) – Light compensation level.
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c) (a) – Limnetic zone, (b) – Littoral zone, (c) – Profundal zone, (d) – Light compensation level.
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d) (a) – Littoral zone, (b) – Limnetic zone, (c) Profundal zone, (d) – Light compensation level.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.30
Problems faced by small sized animals like shrews and humming birds is/are:
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a) Small surface are to volume ratio.
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b) They tend to lose body heat when it is cold outside.
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c) Thermoregulation in cold condition is highly expensive for them.
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d) Both (B) and (C).
Explanation
Answer:(d)
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