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Quiz 3
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Q.1
Match the columns and find the correct combination .... .... [Kerala 2008]
a.
Cuscuta
Saprophytes
b.
Eichhornia
Pneumatophore
c.
Monotropa
Insectivorous plant
d.
Rhizophora
Parasite
e.
Utricularia
Root pocket
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a) a - 4, b - 3, c -1, d - 5, e - 2
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b) a - 4, b - 5, c -1, d - 2, e - 3
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c) a - 2, b - 3, c -4, d - 5, e - 4
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d) a - 3, b - 1, c - 5, d - 4, e – 2
Explanation
Cuscuta
Parasite
Eichhornia
Root pocket
Monotropa
Saprophytes
Rhizophora
Pneumatophore
Utricularia
Insectivorous plant
Answer : (b)
Q.2
Benthic animals live .... .... [C.B.S.E.1996]
0%
a) Deep in sea
0%
b) Floating
0%
c) Submerged
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d) Active swimmers
Explanation
Benthic organisms are attached or rest on the bottom sediments. These organisms are also called deep dweller in the sea. The Benthic organisms may be divided into filter feeders, clams and deposit feeders. Answer : (a)
Q.3
In small isolated tribal population .... .... [C.B.S.E.. 2008]
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a) Wrestlers pass down the trait of strong muscles to the progeny
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b) There is no change in population size due to large gene pool
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c) There is decline in population as boys marry girls only of theirs tribe
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d) Hereditary diseases like colour blindness do not spread
Explanation
The small isolated tribal population will have a small gene pool. Due to isolation of the population , the genes remain confined in that area itself and also no gene from outside enters in. As a reult, the population will decrease. Answer : (c)
Q.4
Mimicry is useful for .... .... [C.P.M.T. 2002]
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a) Concealment
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b) Protection
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c) Predation
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d) Both B and C
Explanation
mimicry is an evolved resemblance between an organism and another object, often an organism of another species. Often, mimicry functions to protect a species from predators, making it an anti-predator adaptation. Protection is added advantage but mimicry was evolved to conceal. Answer : (a)
Q.5
The relation between algae and fungi in a lichen is .... .... [C.B.S.E. 1989]
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a) Symbiosis
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b) Parasitism
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c) Commensalism
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d) Protoco – operation
Explanation
Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and photosynthesising algae or cyanobacteria. This mutually beneficial relationship is called mutual symbiosis. Answer : (a)
Q.6
A succulent xerophytes is .... .... [D.P.M.T.2002]
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a) Capparis
0%
b) Calotropis
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c) Agave
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Xerophyte: any plant adapted to life in a dry or physiologically dry habitat by means of mechanisms to prevent water loss or to store available water. Succulents are a kind of xerophytes. Succulents (plants that store water) such as cacti and agaves have thick, fleshy stems or leaves. Answer : (c)
Q.7
Under non limiting environmental conditions, there will be .... .... [D.P.M.T. 2007]
0%
a) Maximum natality and minimum mortality
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b) Minimum natality
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c) Maximum natality
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d) Both B and C
Explanation
When resources in the habitat are unlimited, each species has the ability to realise fully its innate potential to grow in number. Then the population grows in an exponential or geometric fashion. That means there will be increase in Natality and decrease in Mortality. Answer : (a)
Q.8
Select incorrect statement .... .... [Kerala 2011]
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a) Orchid epiphytic on mango is commensal
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b) Bird laying eggs in the nest of another for incubation shows brood parasitism
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c) Most animals and plants maintain a constant internal temperature
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d) Small animals are rare in polar regions
Explanation
An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch is an example of commensalism where orchid is benefited and mango tree neither benefits nor is harmed. (a) is correct. Brood parasitism in birds is a fascinating example of parasitism in which the parasitic bird lays its eggs in the nest of its host and lets the host incubate them. (b) is correct. All birds and mammals, and a very few lower vertebrate and invertebrate species are indeed capable of homeostasis. Plants, on the other hand, do not have such mechanisms to maintain internal temperatures. (c) is incorrect. Heat loss or heat gain is a function of surface area. Since small animals have a larger surface area relative to their volume, they tend to lose body heat very fast when it is cold outside; then they have to expend much energy to generate body heat through metabolism. This is the main reason why very small animals are rarely found in polar regions. (d) is correct. Answer : (c)
Q.9
Which mammal excretes solid urine to avoid water loss? .... .... [H.P.P.M.T.2005]
0%
a) Crow
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b) Kangaroo Rat
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c) Camel
0%
d) Squirrel
Explanation
kangaroo rat has the ability to concentrate its urine (solid urine) so that minimal volume of water is used to remove excretory products. Answer : (b)
Q.10
Succulents occur in .... .... [A.F.M.C.1990]
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a) Deserts
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b) Tundra
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c) Temperature deciduous forests
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d) Tropical rain forests
Explanation
Succulent xerophytes are those xerophytic plants that store water and mucilage in thick, fleshy organs. Xerophytic plants are found in dry or physiologically dry habitat such as desert. Answer : (a)
Q.11
Which one is develop characteristic of xerophytes? ..... ..... [Kerala 2008]
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a) Hydrophytes
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b) Sciophytes
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c) Heliophytes
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d) Halophytes
Explanation
xerophyte, any plant adapted to life in a dry or physiologically dry habitat (salt marsh, saline soil, or acid bog) by means of mechanisms to prevent water loss or to store available water. Halophytes are salt-tolerant plants that grow in waters with high salinity, such as in mangrove swamps, marshes, seashores and saline semi-deserts. Answer:(d)
Q.12
A non-succulent xerophytes with thick leathery leaves having white sticky waxy coating is .... .... [D.P.M.T.1999]
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a) Nerium
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b)Calotropis
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c) Bryophyllum
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d) Ruscus
Explanation
Calotropis procera has an exceptional ability to adapt and maintain productivity in severe arid conditions. It is a C3 plant that can survive drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, high vapor pressure deficit, and high photosynthetic active radiations. Xerophytes like Calotropis have hairy covering on the leaves and stems to check transpiration. The leaves are also covered with thick cuticular wax. Answer : (b)
Q.13
Science linking heredity with environment is .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.2004]
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a) Ecology
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b) Ecophysiology
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c) Genecology
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d) Genetics
Explanation
Genecology is a branch of ecology which studies genetic variation of species and communities compared to their population distribution in a particular environment. Answer : (c)
Q.14
Density of a population (D) is
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a) D = S(size) / W(weight)
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b) D = S(space) / N(number)
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c) D = N(number) / S(space)
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d) None the above
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.15
A rocky area, once bare, is now a green forest . The sequence of succession has been .... .... [C.P.M.T. 2002]
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a) Woody shrubs, annual herbs, mosses and lichens
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b) Mosses, lichens, annual herbs and woody shrubs
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c) Lichens, mosses, woody shrubs and annual herbs
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d) Lichens, mosses, herbs and woody shrubs
Explanation
In primary succession on rocks these are usually lichens which are able to secrete acids to dissolve rock, helping in weathering and soil formation. These later pave way to some very small plants like bryophytes mosses, which are able to take hold in the small amount of soil. They are, with time, succeeded by higher plants like annual herbs, perennial herbs and then woody shrubs, and after several more stages, ultimately a stable climax forest community is formed. Answer : (d)
Q.16
Remora - shark relationship is .... .... [B.H.U. 2005]
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a) Symbiosis
0%
b) Commensalism
0%
c) Parasitism
0%
d) Amensalism
Explanation
Commensalism is when two species live together but one benefits while the other is unharmed or helped. The remora removes parasites from the shark's skin and even inside the mouth, which benefits the shark. Answer : (b)
Q.17
Submerged hydrophytes have commonly dissected leaves for ..... ..... [Har.P.M.T. 2003]
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a) Decreasing surface area
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b) Increasing surface area
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c) Reducing effect of water
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d) Increasing number of stomata
Explanation
The submerged leaves are often highly dissected or divided. It minimises water resistance and hence, potential damage to the leaves since moving water (currents and waves) can be damaging to the leaves of the plant. Answer : (c)
Q.18
Field capacity consists of .... .... [D.P.M.T.2002]
0%
a) Capillary water.
0%
b) Gravitational water.
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c) Hygroscopic water.
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d) Capillary and hygroscopic waters.
Explanation
Field capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in the soil after excess water has drained away and the rate of downward movement has decreased. It consists of (I)Capillary water: It is held by cohesion and adhesion and most of it is plant available. (II) Hygroscopic water is held very tightly on the surfaces of soil particles. Answer : (d)
Q.19
Study of ecology of a population/organisms is .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.2007]
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a) Autecology
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b) Synecology
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c) Ecotype
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d) Demecology
Explanation
ecotype, sometimes called ecospecies, describes a genetically distinct geographic variety, population, or race within a species, which is genotypically adapted to specific environmental conditions. Autecology is the study of individual organisms. synecology (or community ecology) refers to the study of groups of organisms in relation to their environment. Demoecology focuses on the study of different populations in a specific area or habitat. Answer : (d)
Q.20
A number of geographical forms occur in as otherwise freely inbreeding species. The species is ..... .... [Kerala 2003]
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a) Sibling species
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b) Sympartic species
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c) Allopatric species
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d) Polytypic species
Explanation
When a species is designated as polytypic, it means that all the members of the classification can be further divided into a minimum of two subspecies. Each subspecies designation typically refers to a very specific population of organisms that can only be found in one particular habitat. Answer : (d)
Q.21
The leaves of desert plants are not torn away by high wind velocity because of .... .... [B.H.U.1992]
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a) Spines
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b) Bending towards opposite side
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c) Sclerenchymatous tissue that provides extra mechanical support
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d) Tearing of corners while the middle remains saved
Explanation
The xerophytes commonly have a large proportion of sclerenchyma in their leaf structure than is observed normally in mesophytes. The sclerenchyma is either found in groups or in continuous sheets. Answer : (c)
Q.22
Which one is not a short wave radiations? .... .... [Guj.C.E.T. 2008]
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a) UV rays
0%
b) X- rays
0%
c) Radio waves
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d) Cosmic rays
Explanation
Shortwave radiation is radiant energy with wavelengths in the visible, near-ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectra. Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelengths. Answer : (c)
Q.23
Plants of salty sea shore wet lands are .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.1996]
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a) Heliophytes
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b) Hydrophytes
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c) Halophytes
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d) Saprophytes
Explanation
Halophytes are salt-tolerant plants that grow in waters with high salinity, such as in mangrove swamps, marshes, seashores and saline semi-deserts. Answer:(c)
Q.24
The species though insignificant in number determine the existence of many other species in given ecosystems .... ..... [K.C.E.T. 2010]
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a) Extinct species
0%
b) Endemic species
0%
c) Keystone species
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d) Sacred species
Explanation
A keystone species is a species which has a disproportionately large effect on its natural environment relative to its abundance. A keystone species is an organism that helps define an entire ecosystem. Without its keystone species, the ecosystem would be dramatically different or cease to exist altogether. Examples of keystone species include starfish, sea otters, wolves and elephants. Answer:(c)
Q.25
Amount of water a soil can hold against pulls of gravity is called .... .... [A.I.I.M.S.1987]
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a) Field capacity
0%
b) Gravitational water
0%
c) Storage water
0%
d) Hygroscopic water
Explanation
Field capacity is the amount of soil moisture or water content held in the soil after excess water has drained away and the rate of downward movement has decreased. Answer:(a)
Q.26
Annual migration does not occur in case of .... .... [C.B.S.E.2006]
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a) Arctic tern
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b) Salamander
0%
c) Salmon
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d) Siberian crane
Explanation
The Arctic tern is famous for its migration. It flies from its Arctic breeding grounds to the Antarctic and back again each year, the shortest distance between these areas being 19,000 km (12,000 mi). Siberian crane are known as migratory birds. They usually travel looking for a better suitable climatic condition. The salmon run is the time of the year when salmon, which have migrated from the ocean to fresh water, swim against the stream to the upper reaches of rivers, where they spawn on gravel beds. Answer : (b)
Q.27
Plants adapted to grow in shade are .... .... [C.M.C. 2003]
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a) Psammophytes
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b) Sciophytes
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c) Mesophytes
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d) Xerophytes
Explanation
Plants which are adapted to live under low light conditions are called sciophytes, e.g herbs. Sciophytes form the understory of a forest. Answer : (b)
Q.28
Match the columns .... ..... [Kerala 2011]
a. mutualism
p. ticks on dogs
b. commensalism
q.
Balanus
and
Chthamalus
c. parasitism
r. sparrow and any seed
d. competition
s. orchid epiphyte on mango branch
e. predation
t.
Ophrys
and bee
0%
a) a - t, b - s, c - p, d - q, e - r
0%
b) a - q, b - p, c - t, d - q, e - r
0%
c) a - s, b - r, c - q, d - q, e - s
0%
d) a - t, b - s, c - p, d - q, e - r
Explanation
mutualism
Ophrys
and bee
commensalism
orchid epiphyte on mango branch
parasitism
ticks on dogs
competition
Balanus
and
Chthamalus
predation
sparrow and any seed
Answer : (a)
Q.29
Which of the following is xerophytes plants in which the stem is modified into a flat green and succulent structure .... .... [C.B.S.E.2010]
0%
a) Casuarina
0%
b) Opuntia
0%
c) Hydrilla
0%
d) Acacia
Explanation
Some desert plants like Opuntia, have no leaves – they are reduced to spines– and the photosynthetic function is taken over by the flattened stems. Answer : (b)
Q.30
Animals have innate ability to escape from predation. Select the incorrect example .... .... [C.B.S.E.2005]
0%
a) Color changes in chameleon
0%
b) Enlargement of body by swallowing air in puffer fish
0%
c) Poison fangs of snakes
0%
d) Melanin in moths
Explanation
Prey species have evolved various defenses to lessen the impact of predation. Example pufferfish. Pufferfish will “puff up” as a defense mechanism if they are threatened. A shape that is more than double its original size, round and sometimes covered in spines is much more difficult to bite and isn't very appetizing to a predator. Some species of insects and frogs are cryptically-coloured (camouflaged) to avoid being detected easily by the predator. Example: chameleons can change colour and they do this by expanding or contracting cells in their skin that contain different pigments. Another example is moth. Their wing coloration and patterns are shaped by natural selection to match the patterns of natural substrates, such as a tree bark or leaves, on which the moths rest. Answer : (c)
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