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Organisms And The Environment Mcq
Quiz 4
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Q.1
Geographic limit within which a population exists is called ..... ..... [Odisha 2009]
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a) Biome
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b) Ecosystem
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c) Niche
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d) Habitat
Explanation
A habitat is the place where an organism lives while a niche is that organism's role within that environment. Biome refers to the community of plants and animals that occur naturally in an area, often sharing common characteristics specific to that area. Answer : (d)
Q.2
Mechanical tissue is undeveloped in .... .... [C.P.M.T.1994]
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a) Xerophytes
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b) Hydrophytes
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c) Halophytes
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d) Mesophytes
Explanation
In most of the hydrophytes the stem is long, slender, spongy and flexible. The mechanical support system is underdeveloped. Answer : (b)
Q.3
Exponential population growth is represented by .... .... [Kerala 2010]
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a) dN/dt = rN
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b) dt/dN = rN
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c) dN/rN = dt
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d) rN/dN = dt
Explanation
If in a population of size N, the birth rates (not total number but per capita births) are represented as b and death rates (again, per capita death rates) as d, then the increase or decrease in N during a unit time period t (dN/dt) will be dN/dt = (b – d) × N Let (b–d) = r, then dN/dt = rN The r in this equation is called the ‘intrinsic rate of natural increase’ Answer : (a)
Q.4
Development of soil from rocky matter is .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.1992]
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a) Pedogenesis
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b) Pedology
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c) Edaphic factors
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d) Edaphic climax
Explanation
Soil genesis or pedogenesis is the study of the origin and formation of soil. Pedology is “the study of soils that integrates their distribution, formation, morphology, and classification as natural landscape bodies”. Pedogenesis is studied as a branch of pedology. Answer:(a)
Q.5
Major ecological community of plants and animals extending over large natural area is known as .... .... [D.P.M.T. 2011]
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a) Bioregion
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b) Biosphere
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c) Biota
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d) Biome
Explanation
Biome refers to the community of plants and animals that occur naturally in an area, often sharing common characteristics specific to that area. Biome, also known as a major life zone, is an area that includes communities of plants and animals that have a common adaptation to that particular environment. Answer : (d)
Q.6
Mechanical tissues is best developed in .... .... [C.P.M.T.2003]
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a) Hydrophytes
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b) Halophytes
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c) Xerophytes
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d) Mesophytes
Explanation
The xerophytes commonly have a large proportion of sclerenchyma in their leaf structure than is observed normally in mesophytes. The sclerenchyma is either found in groups or in continuous sheets. It serves the function of providing structural support in plants. In stem the mechanical tissue is well developed and also bark is well developed to retain water Answer : (c)
Q.7
Carrying capacity of environment for a given population is A.M.U. 2012
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a) dN/dt = rN(1-N/K)
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b) dN = rN - N/K
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c) dN = rN - N/K
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d) dN= rN - 1/K
Explanation
dN/dt = rN(K-N /K) = rN(1-N/K) Where N = Population density at time t r = Intrinsic rate of natural increase K = Carrying capacity Answer : (a)
Q.8
Characteristic feature of halophyte is .... .... [Odisha 2007]
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a) Velamen
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b) Lenticel
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c) Pneumatophore
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d) Hydathode
Explanation
The hydro-halophytes develop special type of negatively geotropic roots, called as pneumatophores or breathing roots. The pneumatophores usually develop from the underground roots and project in the air well above the surface of mud and water. Answer : (c)
Q.9
In which habitat does the diurnal soil temperature vary most ..... ..... [C.B.S.E.2004]
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a) Forest
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b) Grassland
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c) Shrub land
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d) Desert
Explanation
diurnal temperature variation is the variation between a high air temperature and a low temperature that occurs during the same day. Maximum diurnal temperature variation is seen in desert, because desert areas receive a large amount of sunlight, the temperatures can get very high, but during the night the dry air cools quickly. Answer : (d)
Q.10
Stem of submerged hydrophytes is soft and weak because of .... .... [C.P.M.T.2000]
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a) Absence of phloem
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b) Absence of stomata
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c) Absence of xylem
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d) Feebly developed supporting tissue and xylem
Explanation
Hydrophtes are supported by water. Thus, mechanical and vascular tissue of many hydrophytes is reduced. They often have large intercellular air spaces in their stems, roots, and leaves to overcome the difficulty of obtaining gases from the water. Answer : (d)
Q.11
Pneumatophores occur in ...... ..... [B.HU.2008]
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a) Halophytes / Mangroves
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b) Xerophytes
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c) Mesophytes
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d) Hydrophytes
Explanation
Pneumatophores, commonly found in mangrove species that grow in saline mud flats. Answer : (a)
Q.12
Which one is not uniform a trait of xerophytes .... .... [Bih.P.M.T.1995]
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a) Thick cuticle
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b) Sunken stomata
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c) Aerenchyma
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d) Well developed mechanical tissue
Explanation
Aerenchyma or aeriferous parenchyma is a modification of the parenchyma to form a spongy tissue that creates spaces or air channels in the leaves, stems and roots of some plants, which allows exchange of gases between the shoot and the root. The channels of air-filled cavities provide a low-resistance internal pathway for the exchange of gases between the plant above the water and the submerged tissues. Aerenchyma is also widespread in aquatic and wetland plants which must grow in hypoxic soils Answer : (c)
Q.13
Myrmecophily is characterised by .... .... [H.P.P.M.T. 2007]
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a) Plants harbouring ants
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b) Plants storing food underground
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c) Plants imitating the habit of animals
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d) Plants with small leaves
Explanation
Myrmecophily is the term applied to positive interspecies associations between ants and a variety of other organisms, such as plants, other arthropods, and fungi. Answer : (a)
Q.14
Good soil is the one which .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.1988]
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a) Allows water to percolate slowly
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b) Allows water to pass quickly
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c) Allows limited amount of water into it
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d) Holds whole water entering it
Explanation
A good soil is one which has a high water holding capacity, but drains freely leaving air space. Water and nutrients in such a soil, will be easily available to plants. A good soil will be slightly acid (pH 6 – 6.8) at which level the nutrients required by plants are most freely available. Answer : (a)
Q.15
Permanent decrease in population would occur due to .... .... [Kerala 2001]
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a) Migration
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b) Natality
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c) Emigration
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d) Mortality
Explanation
Mortality is the number of deaths in the population during a given period. Answer : (d)
Q.16
Types of interaction that occur in predation and parasitism are .... .... [D.P.M.T. 2001]
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a) +,+
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b) -,-
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c) +,0
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d) +,-
Explanation
An ecological community consists of all the populations of all the different species that live together in a particular area. Interactions between different species in a community are called interspecific interactions—inter- means "between." Different types of interspecific interactions have different effects on the two participants, which may be positive (+), negative (-), or neutral (0). The main types of interspecific interactions include competition (-/-), predation (+/-), mutualism, (+/+), commensalism (+/0), and parasitism (+/-). Answer : (d)
Q.17
Select the correct pair of adaptations in desert lizards A. Burrowing in soil to escape high temperature B. Losing heat rapidly at high temperature C. Bask in the sun when temperature is low D. Insulating body with thick fatty dermis C.B.S.E.2011
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a) b, d
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b) a, b
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c) c, d
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d) a, c
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.18
Water held tightly by soil particles as a this film over their surface is .... .... [Kerala2001]
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a) Hygroscopic water
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b) Capillary water
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c) Chemical water
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d) Gravitational water
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.19
Niche overlap is ........ [C.B.S.E.2006]
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a) Mutualism between two species
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b) Active cooperation between two species
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c) Two different parasites on same host
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d) Sharing resources between two species
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.20
Which one is the famous plant ecologist of India? .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.1998]
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a) Charles Darwin
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b) Ramdeva Misra
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c) Birbal Sahani
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d) Jagish Chandra Bose
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.21
One of the following is not true for hydrophytes .... .... [A.M.U. 2010]
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a) Vessels are usually absent
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b) Cuticle is poorly developed
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c) Tracheids are absent
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d) Air chambers are well developed
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.22
Xeric environment is characterised by .... .... [C.B.S.E.1994]
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a) Precipitation
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b) Low atmospheric humidity
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c) Extremes of temperature
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d) High rate of evaporation
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.23
Number of births per year 1000 individual is .... .... [M.H.T.C.E.T. 2011]
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a) Demography
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b) Natality
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c) Mortality
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d) Density
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.24
The sphere of living matter found on the surface of earth comprises .... .... [A.M.U.2005]
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a) Lithosphere
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b) Hydrosphere
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c) Atmosphere
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d) Biosphere
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.25
Population day is .... ..... [M.H.T.C.E.T. 2009]
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a) 5th May
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b) 11th July
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c) 1st December
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d) 21st August
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.26
Organisms which can tolerate and thrive in wide range of temperature are called .... .... [H.P.P.M.T. 2011]
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a) Eurythermal
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b) Stenothermal
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c) Poikilothermal
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d) Homoiothermal
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.27
An orchid resembling the female of an insect so as to be able to get pollinated is due to phenomenon of .... .... [Pb.P.M.T. 2005]
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a) Mimicry
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b) Pseudocopulation
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c) Pseudo-pollination
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d) Pseudoparthenocarpy
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.28
Which character is not present in the xerophytes .... .... [C.P.M.T.1990]
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a) Thick cuticle
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b) Well developed mechanical tissue
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c) Well developed conducting tissue
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d) Spongy parenchyma
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.29
In ecological succession, the climax community is best recognised by the following rate .... ..... [A.M.U.2010]
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a) P = R
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b) P > R
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c) P < R
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d) P ≥ R
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.30
Water storage tissue has .... .... [J.I.P.M.E.R.1998]
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a) Large-sized thin walled cells
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b) Mucilage
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c) Large-sized vacuoles
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d) All the above
Explanation
Answer : (d)
0 h : 0 m : 1 s
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