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NEET Biology MCQ
Reproduction In Organisms Mcq
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Q.1
hich asexual reproduction process is seen in bacteria?
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a) Budding
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b) Sporulation
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c) Fragmentation
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d) Fission
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.2
orphologically distinct gametes are called as
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a) Isogametes
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b) Heterogametes
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c) Gametes
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d) Iso-spores
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.3
hich animals have developed capacity of regeneration?
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a) Hydra, Starfish
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b) Plasmodium
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c) Earthworm
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d) Spongilla
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.4
lagellated spore is known as___________.
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a) Non-flagellated spore
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b) Motile spore
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c) spore
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d) Hetero spore
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.5
hat divides first during the method of fission ?
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a) Cytoplasmic membrane
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b) Cytoplasm
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c) Nucleus
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d) Cell organelles
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.6
hat do a stock have?
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a) Bud
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b) Branches
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c) Leaves
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d) Possess regular or irregular roots
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.7
Which is not an example of vegetative propagules in angiosperms ...[ HPPMT 2010]
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a) Zoospores of Chlamydomonas
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b) Eyes of Potato
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c) Rhizome of Ginger
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d) Bulbil of Agave
Explanation
Vegetative propagation is the method of propagation of plant by vegetative parts of the plant. Eyes of potato, rhizome of ginger, bulbil of agave is an example of vegetative propagation. Chlamydomonas is biflagellate and reproduces asexually by zoospores. The zoospores are identical to the parent cell in structure but smaller in size. It is not a vegetative part. Answer:(a)
Q.8
Planaria possess high capacity of : .. [AIPMT 2014]
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a) alternation of generation
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b) bioluminescence
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c) metamorphosis
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d) regeneration
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.9
Offsets are produced by ... ..[NEET 2018]
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a) Parthenocarpy
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b) Mitotic divisions
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c) Meiotic divisions
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d) Parthenogenesis.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.10
Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched? [ ReAIPMT 2015]
Mode of reproduction
Example
(1) Conidia
Penicillium
(2) Offset
Water hyacinth
(3) Rhizome
Banana
(4) Binary fission
Sargassum
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a) 1
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b) 2
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c) 3
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d) 4
Explanation
Fragmentation is the only known method of reproduction in the free floating species of sargassum Sargassum is a genus of brown (class Phaeophyceae) macroalgae (seaweed) in the order Fucales. Numerous species are distributed throughout the temperate and tropical oceans of the world, where they generally inhabit shallow water and coral reefs, and the genus is widely known for its planktonic (free-floating) species. Answer:(d)
Q.11
Fusion of dissimilar gametes is ... [ RPMT 2011]
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a) Allogamy
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b) Fertilization
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c) Dichogamy
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d) Autogamy
Explanation
(a) Allogamy is defined as fertilization of ovum of a flower by the pollen of another flower on the different plant. (b) Fusion of dissimilar gametes is fertilization. It takes place during sexual reproduction where the male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. (c) Dichogamy is a condition when the stamens and pistils of a flower mature at different times to prevent self-fertilization. (d) Autogamy is the phenomena of fusion of gametes produced from the same individual. It involves the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower. Answer:(b)
Q.12
Vegetative propagation by leaves is found in ...[ MHCET 2011]
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a) Bryophyllum daigremontianum
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b) Murraya sp.
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c) Albizzia lebbek
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d) Solanum tuberosum
Explanation
Vegetative propagules for the following are as follows: (a) Leaf buds of Bryophyllum daigremontianum (b) Adventitious buds develop on the ordinary roots of Dalbergia sisoo, Populus, Guava, Murraya sp, etc. which grow to form new plants. (c) vegetative propagation of Albizia lebbek species is done through stem cuttings. (d) Eyes of Solanum tuberosum Answer:(a)
Q.13
Explant is ... [ JKCMEE 2002]
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a) Harvested plant
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b) Exploited part of plant
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c) A small part of plant for tissue culture
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d) Uprooted part for transplantation
Explanation
explant culture is a technique to organotypically culture cells from a piece or pieces of tissue or organ removed from a plant or animal. Answer:(c)
Q.14
Hydra reproduces by budding. This is an example of ...[ Odisha 2009]
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a) Sexual reproduction
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b) Parthenocarpy
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c) Asexual reproduction
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d) Regeneration
Explanation
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction which does not involve fusion of gametes. A new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. Sexual reproduction involves formation and fusion of gametes. parthenocarpy is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilisation of ovules, which makes the fruit seedless. regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. Answer:(c)
Q.15
The concept of cellular totipotency was given by ..[ BHU 1996]
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a) Steward
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b) Vasil and Hildebrandt
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c) Carlson et al
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d) Barski et al
Explanation
Totipotency is the ability of a cell to divide. F.C steward was first to illustrate the capacity of cellular totipotency Answer:(b)
Q.16
Types of asexual reproduction found in Hydra is ...[ Kerala 2009]
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a) Gemmule formation
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b) Budding
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c) Sporulation
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d) Multiple fission
Explanation
Hydra reproduces by asexual mode of reproduction. It reproduces by budding. Budding is a type of asexual reproduction which does not involve the fusion of gametes. Answer:(b)
Q.17
Which is not a method of vegetative propagation ...[ AFMC 1999]
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a) Micropropagation
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b) Budding
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c) Sowing
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d) Layering
Explanation
(a) Micropropagation is the rapid vegetative propagation of plants under in vitro conditions of high light intensity, controlled temperature and a defined nutrient medium. (b) Budding, oftenly called bud grafting, is an artificial method of asexual or vegetative propagation in plants. (c) Sowing is the process of planting. (d) Layering is a means of plant propagation in which a portion of an above-ground stem grows roots while still attached to the parent plant and then detaches as an independent plant. Answer:(c)
Q.18
Chrysanthemum multiplies vegetatively by ... [ Kerala 2000]
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a) Bulbils
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b) Rhizomes
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c) Suckers
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d) Runners
Explanation
Chrysanthemum is propagated vegetatively either through root suckers or terminal cuttings taken from these mother plants. Answer:(c)
Q.19
Application of embryo culture is in ...[ DPMT 1997] Explananation is provided please click on
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a) Overcoming hybridisation barrier
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b) Clonal propagation
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c) Formation of somaclonal variations
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d) Production of alkaloids
Explanation
Hybridization barrier means limited interbreeding between two populations which reduces the variability. Embryo rescue or culture is a technique which allows the plant to overcome the hybridization barrier by mixing the genetic pool of two population. Embryo rescue or embryo culture is a technique which nurtures the immature or weak embryo, thus allowing it the chance to survive. Plant embryos are multicellular structures that have the potential to develop into a new plant. It allows the breeding of incompatible interspecific and intergeneric species and helps to overcome the hybridisation barrier. So, the correct answer is option a. Answer:(a)
Q.20
Which of the following plant cells will show totipotency ...[ CMC 2002]
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a) Sieve tubes
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b) Xylem vessels
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c) Meristem
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d) Cork cells
Explanation
Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of differentiated cells in an organism. And in plants there is only meristems which divides to produce differentiated cell and help in growth of plant Answer:(c)
Q.21
A totipotent cell means ..[ CPMT 1995]
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a) An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into a system or entire plant
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b) An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into complete embryo
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c) An undifferentiated cell capable of developing into an organ
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d) Cell which lacks the capability to differentiate into an organ or system
Explanation
Totipotent: Having unlimited capability. A totipotent cell has the capacity to form an entire organism Answer:(a)
Q.22
Match the columns and select the correct options ..[ Kerala 2011]
Column I
Column II
(a) Gemmule
(p) Agave
(b) Leaf buds
(q)
Penicillium
(c) Bulbil
(r) Water Hyacinth
(d) Offset
(s) Sponges
(e) Conidia
(t)
Bryophyllum
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a) (a) - (s); (b) - (t); (c) - (p); (d) - (r); (e) - (q)
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b) (a) - (s); (b) - (r); (c) - (q); (d) - (p); (e) - (t)
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c) (a) - (r); (b) - (t); (c) - (s); (d) - (q); (e) - (p)
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d) (a) - (s); (b) - (p); (c) - (t); (d) - (r);(e)- (q)
Explanation
Members of the Kingdom Fungi and simple plants such as algae reproduce through special asexual reproductive structures. The most common of these structures are zoospores that usually are microscopic motile structures. Other common asexual reproductive structures are conidia (Penicillium), buds (Hydra) and gemmules (sponge) Vegetative propagules in angiosperms: (a) Eyes of potato; (b) Rhizome of ginger;(c) Bulbil of Agave; (d) Leaf buds of Bryophyllum; (e) Offset of water hyacinth Answer:(a)
Q.23
Somaclonal variations are the ones ... [ BHU 1994]
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a) Induced during sexual embryogeny
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b) Caused by mutagens
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c) Caused by gamma rays
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d) Produced during tissue culture
Explanation
Somaclonal variation is the variation seen in plants that have been produced by plant tissue culture. Somaclonal variation is defined as genetic variation observed among progeny of plants regenerated from somatic cells cultured in vitro Answer:(d)
Q.24
Development of shoot and root in tissue culture is determined by ... [ AIIMS 1997]
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a) Enzymes
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b) Plant nutrients
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c) Cytokinin and auxin ratio
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d) Temperature
Explanation
Following the work of Skoog and Miller it is now well established that the auxin-cytokinin ratio used in culture media determines the degree of shoot and/or root formation in tissue culture. A high ratio of cytokinin to auxin favours shoot production, whereas a high auxin to cytokinin ratio favours root production. Answer:(c)
Q.25
First successful animal clone was ...[ CBSE 2000]
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a) Molly sheep
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b) Dolly goat
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c) Dolly sheep
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d) Molly goat
Explanation
Dolly the sheep becomes first successfully cloned mammal. Answer:(c)
Q.26
A quicker regeneration of grass leaves shall occur by ...[ MPPMT 1994]
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a) Cutting
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b) Grazing
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c) Irrigation
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d) Clipping
Explanation
In grass the meristem allows the damaged leaves to grow rapidly. Therefore, clipping of leaves at the base helps in quicker regeneration of grass leaves. Answer:(d)
Q.27
The term parthenogenesis was coined by ... [ CET Chd 2010]
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a) Boveri
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b) Owen
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c) Grobber
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d) Balfour
Explanation
The term ‘parthenogenesis’ was coined by Richard Owen in 1849, who defined it as the successive production of procreating individuals from a single ovum Answer:(b)
Q.28
Isogamy is found in ... [ CET Chd. 2010]
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a) Plasmodium
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b) Hydra
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c) Monocystis
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d) Planaria
Explanation
Isogamy sexual reproduction by the fusion of similar gametes. Monocystis is an endoparasite in the seminal vesicle and coelom of earthworms. Fusing gametes do not differ morphologically but may be different physiologically. The isogamous gametes fuses to form zygote which develops into sporoblast, sporocyst, trophozoite and finally, to young trophozoite. Answer:(c)
Q.29
Transverse binary fission occurs in ... [ DPMT 2007]
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a) Regeneration
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b) Sporulation
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c) Fragmentation
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d) Budding
Explanation
Binary fission in organisms can occur in four ways, irregular,longitudinal, transverse, oblique.i.e.left oblique & right oblique Irregular: In this fission, cytokinesis may take place along any plane but it is always perpendicular to the plane of karyokinesis. e.g. amoeba Longitudinal: Here cytokinesis takes place along the longitudinal axis. e.g. in flagellates like Euglena. Transverse: Here cytokinesis takes place along the transverse axis. e.g. in ciliate protozoans like amoeba or paramecium. Oblique: In this type of binary fission cytokinesis occurs obliquely. e.g. Ceratium Sporulation : During favourable condition, the encysted amoeba or paramecium divides by multiple fission and produces many minute amoebae or pseudopodiospores; the cyst wall burst out, and the spores are liberated in the surrounding medium to grow up into many amoebae. This phenomenon is known as sporulation. Answer:(b)
Q.30
First step in protoplasm fusion is ... [ Tamil Nadu 2001]
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a) Hybridisation
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b) Isolation of protoplasts
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c) Selection and isolation of somatic cells
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d) Collection of somatic cell
Explanation
Answer:(c)
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