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NEET Biology MCQ
Reproduction In Organisms Mcq
Quiz 4
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Q.1
Common between vegetative reproduction and apomixis is ... [ CBSE 2011]
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a) Both occur around the year
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b) Both produce progeny identical to parent
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c) Both bypass flowering phase
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d) Both applicable to dicots
Explanation
Vegetative reproduction results in new plant individuals without the production of seeds or spores. Some plants can produce seeds without fertilization. Either the ovule or part of the ovary, which is diploid in nature, gives rise to a new seed. This method of reproduction is known as apomixis. So Both produce progeny identical to parent Answer:(b)
Q.2
During favourable condition the encysted amoeba divided by multiple fission and produces pseudopodiospores. This phenomenon is known as
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a) Budding
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b) Regeneration
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c) Fragmentation
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d) Sporulation
Explanation
Sporulation is the formation of nearly dormant forms of bacteria . In a limited number of bacteria, spores can preserve the genetic material of the bacteria when conditions are inhospitable and lethal for the normal (vegetative) form of the bacteria. Answer:(d)
Q.3
In oogamy fertilisation involves ...[ CBSE 2004]
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a) A large non-motile female gamete and a small motile male gamete
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b) A large non-motile female gamete and a small non-motile male gamete
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c) A large motile female gamete and a small non-motile male gamete
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d) A small non-motile female gamete and large motile male gamete
Explanation
In oogamy, fertilization involves the fusion of a large non-motile female gamete and a small motile male gamete. Answer:(a)
Q.4
The mode of asexual reproduction in Euglena is ...[ CET Chd 2011]
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a) Transverse binary fission
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b) Irregular binary fission
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c) Multiple fission
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d) Longitudinal binary fission
Explanation
Euglena reproduce asexually through binary fission, a form of cell division. Reproduction begins with the mitosis of the cell nucleus, followed by the division of the cell itself it is a longitudinal binary fission Answer:(d)
Q.5
A population of genetically identical individuals, obtained from asexual reproduction is ...[ CBSE 1993]
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a) Callus
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b) Clone
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c) Deme
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d) Aggregates
Explanation
Clone of an organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical. Answer:(b)
Q.6
Method of raising new plants in large number from a small plant tissue over a culture medium is ... [ KCET 2010]
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a) Juvenility
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b) Callus formation
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c) Micropropagation/ tissue culture
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d) Micrografting
Explanation
Micropropagation is the tissue culture technique used for rapid vegetative multiplication of ornamental plants and fruit trees. This method of tissue culture produces several plants. Each of these plants will be genetically identical to the original plant from where they were grown. Answer:(c)
Q.7
Bacteria, fungi and lower plants survive during adverse conditions by ...[ AIIMS 2011]
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a) Suspending growth
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b) Formation of thick-walled spores
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c) Migration
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d) Diapause
Explanation
Bacteria, fungi and lower plants survive in adverse conditions through formation of thick walled spores. Algae form resting spore or akinetes which are thick walled spores and store food material. In fungi, thick walled perennating spores called chlamydospores are formed. Bacteria form endospores which is probably the most resistant living thing known. Answer:(b)
Q.8
Plants developed in vitro culture from pollen grains are ... [ AIIMS 1996]
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a) Pollen plants
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b) Androgenic haploids
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c) Male plants
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d) Sterile plants
Explanation
Haploid plants can be produced through in vitro culture of male gametophytic cells at the microspore or immature pollen developmental stage. Androgenesis is a form of quasi-sexual reproduction in which a male is the sole source of the nuclear genetic material in the embryo. Answer:(b)
Q.9
In which plants, artificial vegetative propagation can be carried out through root cuttings ... [ Guj CET 2006]
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a) Lemon and Rose
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b) Rose and Hibiscus
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c) Tamarind and Chrysanthemum
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d) Lemon and Tamarind
Explanation
Root cuttings are pieces of root cut from plants that you want to propagate. Take cuttings from root growth in late winter or early spring, before the plant breaks dormancy. This process results in the creation of a new plant that is often considered a ‘ clone’ of the parent plant, with the same genetic qualities. With vegetative reproduction plants also bypass juvenile or immature sidling phase and therefore reach the mature phase sooner. Fruit bearing plants like lemon and tamarind are artificially reproduced by root cutting to harvest fruits faster Answer:(d)
Q.10
An example of parthenogenesis is the development of fruit is the one ...[ Pb. P.M.T 1992]
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a) With viable seeds after fertilization
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b) With viable seeds after pollination
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c) With viable seeds without fertilisation
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d) Without seeds after pollination
Explanation
Parthenogenesis is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development Parthenocarpy is the production of fruits without the fertilisation of ovules. Fruits like banana and figs are developed without fertilisation and do not produce any viable seeds Answer:(c)
Q.11
Bryophyllum is multiplies vegetatively by ...[ Kerala 2002]
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a) Roots
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b) Leaves
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c) Stem branch
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d) Rhizome
Explanation
The Bryophyllum plantlets that grow on the edges of each leaf fall easily and root wherever they land. Answer:(b)
Q.12
Why is asexual reproduction sometimes disadvantageous ...[ JKCET 2012]
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a) It allows animals to produce may offspring quickly
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b) It produces genetically uniform population
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c) It allows sedentary animals to produce offspring without mates
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d) It saves times and energy of gamete formation
Explanation
Why is asexual reproduction sometimes disadvantageous as it produces genetically uniform population Answer:(b)
Q.13
Parasexual hybridization means fusion of ... [ MPPMT 1995]
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a) Male gamete with female gametes
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b) Somatic protoplasts
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c) Male gamete with somatic cell
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d) Male gamete with male gamete with protoplasts
Explanation
Random fusion between mechanically isolated protoplasts. This is called ‘Para sexual hybridization’ By this method wider crosses are possible. Even crosses between plants showing physical and chemical incompatibilities are possible by protoplast fusion. Answer:(b)
Q.14
Find out correct order of vegetative propagules of plants like Potato, Ginger, Agave, Bryophyllum and Water Hyacinth ..[ Kerala 2012]
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a) Offset,bulbil, leaf bud, rhizome and eyes
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b) Leaf bud, bulbil, offset, rhizome and eyes
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c) Eyes, rhizome, bulbil, leaf bud and offset
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d) Offset, bulbil, leaf bud, rhizome and eyes
Explanation
Potato → Eyes Ginger →rhizome Agave →bulbil Bryophyllum → bulbil Water Hyacinth → bulbil Answer:(c)
Q.15
For ovulation in reflex ovulators ..[ MPPMT 1995]
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a) Coitus is necessary
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b) Coitus is not necessary
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c) Plenty of food is not necessary
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d) Plenty of food is necessary
Explanation
reflex ovulation is, ovulation occurring shortly after brief exposure to a sensory stimulus. Ovulation in rabbits occurs only when copulation (= coitus) begins. Obviously, it is a reflex reaction to coitus. That's why, female rabbits are called 'reflex ovulators' Answer:(a)
Q.16
Micropropagation is a technique for production of ...[ WB 2010]
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a) Somaclonal plants
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b) Haploid plants
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c) production of clonal plants
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d) Somatic hybrids
Explanation
Micropropagation is a technique used to produce large numbers of identical plants (clones) from a selected stock plant Answer:(c)
Q.17
Development of haploid plants from pollen is ... [ EAMCET 2002]
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a) Androgenesis
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b) Somatic hybridisation
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c) Parthenocarpy
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d) Emasculation
Explanation
Development of haploid plants from pollen is Androgenesis Answer:(a)
Q.18
Identify the correct statement ...[ KCET 2009]
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a) Because of marked climatic variations plants growing near the sea shore do not produce annual rings
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b) Healing of damaged tissue is because of activity of sclerenchyma cells
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c) The age of the plant can be determined by its height
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d) Grafting is difficult in monocot plants as they have scattered vascular bundles
Explanation
scattered vascular bundles, that means vascular bundles are without cambium and are irregularly arranged which makes them difficult to be connected between stock and scion parts of graft. Statement 'd' is correct seasonal changes, climatic variations produce annual rings. Statement 'a' is NOT correct Wound healing in plants takes place by the activity of secondary meristem. Statement 'b' is NOT correct. Rings of light and dark wood determine age of the plant. Statement 'c' is NOT correct. Answer:(d)
Q.19
Development of an organism from female gamete/egg without involving fertilization is ...[ AFMC 1993]
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a) Adventive embryony
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b) Parthenogenesis
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c) Polyembryony
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d) Parthenocarpy
Explanation
Parthenogenesis, a reproductive strategy that involves development of a female (rarely a male) gamete (sex cell) without fertilization. Answer:(b)
Q.20
A major use of embryo culture is in ...[ BHU 2000]
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a) Inductionod somacional variations
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b) Overcoming hydridisation barriers
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c) Production of alkaloids
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d) Clonal propagation
Explanation
Embryo culture is a technique for cultivating an embryo under aseptic conditions on a nutrient medium. It has been widely used for producing plants from hybridizations in which failure of endosperm to properly develop causes embryo abortion. Answer:(b)
Q.21
Which is wrongly matched ...[ CBSE Mains 2011]
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a) Agave - bulbils
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b) Penicillium - conidia
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c) Water Hyacinth - runner
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d) Bryophyllum - leaf buds
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.22
Callus is ..[ DPMT 1996]
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a) Tissue that forms embryo
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b) An insoluble carbohydrate
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c) Tissue that grows to form embryoid
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d) Unorganised activity dividing mass of cells maintained in culture
Explanation
Callus is an unspecialized , unorganized, growing and dividing mass of cells. It produced when explants are cultured on the appropriate solid medium, with both an auxin and a cytokinin in a correct conditions Answer:(d)
Q.23
Consider the following statements with respect to reproduction in the lower living organisms a) Organisms like yeast and Planaria reproduce asexually by means of budding (b) True regeneration is observed in Hydra (c) Protonema of mosses multiply by fragmentation (d) In unicellular organisms like bacteria, algae and Amoeba, reproduction is synonymous with growth,i.e. increase in number of cells ..[ kerala 2012]
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a) a and b correct
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b) a and d correct
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c) c and d correct
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d) c and a correct
Explanation
There are two methods of asexual reproduction in Planaria fragmentation and sponta- neous “dropping tails”. Statement 'a' is not correct. Hydra reproduce asexually by producing buds in the body wall, which grow to be miniature adults and break away when they are mature. Statement 'b' is not correct The fungi, the filamentous algae, the protonema of mosses, all easily multiply by fragmentation. Statement 'c' is CORRECT In unicellular organisms growth is same as reproduction because increase in mass and size of the body is leading to the generation of two new daughter cells.Statement 'd' is CORRECT Answer:(c)
Q.24
Explant is required to be disinfected before placing in culture. This is done by ..
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a) X-rays
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b) Clorox or hypochlorite
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c) Autoclaving
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d) Ultra-violet rays
Explanation
Explant meaning is transfer (living cells, tissues, or organs) from animals or plants to a nutrient medium. It is required to be disinfected before placing in culture because living plant materials from the environment are naturally contaminated on their surfaces with microorganisms, which inhibits the growth and utilize the nutrients provided for the plants in the media for their growth as they have the ability to multiply fast. The process like autoclaving, treatment with ultraviolet and X rays kills the cells of the explant due to denaturation of proteins of the plasma membrane of the cells of explant on exposure to heat or radiation. so they are treated with the chemicals like Clorox or hypochlorite. The chemical treatment makes the plant sterile. The process of treating the explant with chemicals is known as surface sterilization. Answer:(b)
Q.25
n Angiosperms, which parts of the flowers wither and fall off ?
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a) Sepals
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b) Petals
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c) Stamens
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d) All the three
Explanation
After fertilization, stamens, style, petals and stigma wither and typically fall off. The calyx may either remain intact in a dried and shrivelled form or fall off. The ovary enlarges to form the fruit, the ovarian wall forms the fruit wall. Answer:(d)
Q.26
hich of the following flowers only once in its life-time ? [NEET 2018] )
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a) Mango
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b) Jackfruit
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c) Bamboo species
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d) Papaya
Explanation
Bamboo species flower only once in their life time, generally after 50-100 years and produce large number of fruits and die. Answer:(c)
Q.27
hich among the following groups reproduce through special asexual reproductive structures?
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a) Algae and bryophytes
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b) Algae and fungi
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c) Pteridophytes and angiosperms
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d) Fungi and pteridophytes
Explanation
Many small algae reproduce asexually by ordinary cell division or by fragmentation, whereas larger algae reproduce by spores. Fungi reproduce asexually by fragmentation, budding, or producing spores. Answer:(b)
Q.28
hich of the following matches is/are true with respect to their capacity to develop a part of their somatic body into a new independent plant? (i) Underground stem – Ginger/potato. (ii) Sub aerial stem – Banana. (iii) Roots – Dahlia. (iv) Leaves – Bryophyllum. (v) Bulbils – Agave. (vi) Stem cuttings – Sugarcane.
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a) (i) only
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b) (iii) only
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c) (ii) and (iii) only
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d) All are true
Explanation
Vegetative reproduction is any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment or cutting of the parent plant or specialized reproductive structures, which are sometimes called vegetative propagules. Vegetative propagules in angiosperms: (a) Eyes of potato; (b) Rhizome of ginger; (c) Bulbil of Agave; (d) Leaf buds of Bryophyllum; (e) Offset of water hyacinth (f) Tuberous roots of Dahlia. (g) planting part of a mature cane called “setts of sugarcane. Answer:(d)
Q.29
uring embryogenesis, the zygote undergoes:
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a) Meiosis and differentiation
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b) Meiosis and de – differentiation
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c) Mitosis and differentiation
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d) Mitosis and de – differentiation
Explanation
During embryogenesis, zygote undergoes cell division (mitosis) and cell differentiation. Cell divisions increase the number of cells in the developing embryo. Cell differentiation helps groups of cells to form specialised tissues and organs. Answer:(c)
Q.30
n which among the following combinations of possibilities of sexual reproduction, water is not essential for gamete transfer and fertilization:
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a) Oogamy, non – motile egg and motile male gametes
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b) Anisogamy, motile egg and non motile male gametes
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c) Oogamy, non motile egg and non motile male gamete
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d) Anisogamy, non motile egg and motile male gamete
Explanation
Oogamy is the familiar form of sexual reproduction. It is a form of anisogamy in which the female gamete is significantly larger than the male gamete and is non-motile. The male gametes are typically highly motile and are usually tasked with all of the travel necessary to bring the respective gametes together Answer:(a)
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