Multiple Choice Questions

In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following?intracellular and extracellular should both be hypertonicisotonic to each other *intracellular should be hypotonic to extracellularintracellular should be hypertonic to extracellular
  • Cilia are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur, typically in large numbers, on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Ciliary action moves substances in one direction across cell surfaces. Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella are commonly referred to as basal bodies.
  • The hypertonic extracellular fluid will draw water out of the hypotonic intracellular fluid, so the cells will shrink. This is called crenulation.
  • movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
  • In order to prevent the cells from either swelling or shrinking, the body fluids should be isotonic, meaning that they are at equilibrium
Which of the following solutions contains the most solute?isotonichypertonic *hypotonicequilibrium
  • semipermeable
  • small concentration gradientThe larger the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion. Higher concentration means there are more collisions, so the molecules bounce away from each other more rapidly.
  • forming the entire glycocalyx
  • "Hyper" means "high," so a hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the solution to which it is being compared.
Which of the following is least likely to increase the rate of diffusion?
  • "Hyper" means "high," so a hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the solution to which it is being compared.
  • forming the entire glycocalyx
  • small concentration gradientThe larger the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion. Higher concentration means there are more collisions, so the molecules bounce away from each other more rapidly.
  • cellular energy
If a person is severely dehydrated, their extracellular fluids will become hypertonic to the intracellular fluid. What do you predict will happen to the person's cells?HintsThe cells will swell.The cells will rupture.Extracellular fluids do not impact cell size, because cells contain intracellular fluid.The cells will lose water and shrink. *
  • In order to prevent the cells from either swelling or shrinking, the body fluids should be isotonic, meaning that they are at equilibrium
  • "Hyper" means "high," so a hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the solution to which it is being compared.
  • movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
  • The hypertonic extracellular fluid will draw water out of the hypotonic intracellular fluid, so the cells will shrink. This is called crenulation.
Which of the following is characteristic of cilia?They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. *They move substances in many directions across a cell's surfaces.They are substantially longer than flagella, and are less common than flagella in humans.They are used for cellular adhesion.
  • "Hyper" means "high," so a hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the solution to which it is being compared.
  • small concentration gradientThe larger the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion. Higher concentration means there are more collisions, so the molecules bounce away from each other more rapidly.
  • cellular energy
  • Cilia are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur, typically in large numbers, on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Ciliary action moves substances in one direction across cell surfaces. Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella are commonly referred to as basal bodies.
What is a membrane potential?the possibility of cell activitythe ability of the cells to perform their specialized functionscooperation between cells* a voltage or electrical charge across the plasma membrane
  • In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane.
  • "Hyper" means "high," so a hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the solution to which it is being compared.
  • Cilia are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur, typically in large numbers, on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Ciliary action moves substances in one direction across cell surfaces. Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella are commonly referred to as basal bodies.
  • The membrane potential is the electrical potential energy (measured in millivolts) resulting from the separation of oppositely charged particles (ions) across the plasma membrane. At rest, membrane potentials are typically negative, ranging from −50 to −100 mV, with more anions (than cations) concentrated along the internal surface of the membrane, and more cations (than anions) concentrated along the external surface.
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Multiple Choice Questions
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