Multiple Choice Questions

The concept that individuals are born with a specific set of genes that determines their behavioral norms is known as what?
  • forensic odontologist
  • a. When site is visualized as a grid, it's easy to keep track of where evidence came from.b. Each square of the grid can be carefully excavated independently of the others. c. Grid systems tie in well with datum points.
  • Simmering water
  • Biological determinism
Long-bone measurements are recorded using what piece of equipment?
  • All of the above
  • Asia-Pacific
  • Osteometric board
  • in place, as found
As compared to males, the pelvic outlet in females tends to be
  • All of the above
  • Large and unobstructed
  • All of the above ARE problems
  • The need for all bones contributing to height
Which of the following is the definition of In situ?
  • Large mastoid processes
  • All of the above ARE problems
  • Analyze the remains
  • in place, as found
The bones of the leg include:
  • Developmental
  • All of the above
  • Femur, patella, tibia
  • Large mastoid processes
Changes in algor mortis and other decompositional factors are:
  • c. Suchey-Brooks pubic symphysis method
  • Taking a blow from a baseball bat to the humerus
  • Highly environmentally-dependent
  • Pubic symphysis morphology
Burned bone can shrink up to
  • Africa
  • 25%
  • Homicide
  • WWII
Upon arrival to the scene, the person claiming to have buried the remains is unable to recall the exact location. What is the simplest noninvasive technique you can use to try to locate the remains?
  • Adornments (e.g., glasses, piercings, etc.)
  • line search pedestrian search pedestrian survey
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
  • They often involve the use of multi-disciplinary teams
"Forensic" refers to:
  • The overlay of a skull image and an antemortem (before death) photograph
  • Skeletal inventory form, trauma form, forms for the biological profile
  • Race is culturally and individually defined, while ancestry describes biological population origins
  • Scientific work related to the legal system in criminal and civil cases
Expert who assists Medical Examiner in identification based on dental records
  • Osteometric board
  • forensic odontologist
  • Orthopedic implants
  • coroner
Why do forensic anthropologists do peer reviews?
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
  • As a means of quality assurance - to double-check analyses and reports.
  • Gestation and lactation require a large amount of energy
  • Stature increases until adulthood, then decreases over time
During which life-stage is age most accurately estimated?
  • childhood
  • Geologist
  • Taphonomy
  • All of the above
What is the most important task to perform immediately following a mass disaster?
  • Getting aid and relief to surviving victims
  • One can determine the direction of the bullet from the thorax bones
  • All of the above
  • Identifying missing U.S. servicemembers
Since this is purportedly a burial, what can you tell your team to look for in order to potentially identify its location?
  • ancestry
  • The need to accommodate for childbirth
  • I would tell my team to keep a look out for surface depression or mounds, soil color, vegetation, scavenging, and personal evidence (example: clothes/keys/wallet)
  • Ground penetrating radar The observation of vegetation changes Cadaver dogs Field-searching in a line
Hurricane Katrina differed from the World Trade Center because
  • One can determine the direction of the bullet from the thorax bones
  • Most of the remains were intact versus fragmentary.
  • Gestation and lactation require a large amount of energy
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
What is the difference between race and ancestry?
  • Ground penetrating radar The observation of vegetation changes Cadaver dogs Field-searching in a line
  • One can determine the direction of the bullet from the thorax bones
  • Race is culturally and individually defined, while ancestry describes biological population origins
  • c. Suchey-Brooks pubic symphysis method
In what instance would a forensic anthropologist analyze historical remains?
  • Transitional vertebra
  • The case has forensic merit
  • They often involve the use of multi-disciplinary teams
  • All of the above
It is important to have an anthropologist help in the recovery of charred and calcined bone because
  • Biological determinism
  • forensic anthropologist
  • The time since death
  • An anthropologist is trained in osteology and can recognize small fragments among similar-colored debris
Human variation is best characterized as
  • clavicle
  • clinical
  • Homicide
  • Lateral
Expert who assists Medical Examiner in the use of insects for death investigation
  • Forensic Entomologist
  • All of the above
  • An anthropologist is trained in osteology and can recognize small fragments among similar-colored debris
  • Haase's rule
The Parkman murder case is important because
  • From greater than one individual but found in association
  • It is one of the first cases that uses forensic anthropological techniques
  • Race is culturally and individually defined, while ancestry describes biological population origins
  • It is largely unknown how cartilaginous features (e.g., ears, tip of nose, etc.) relate to the underlying bone
The coroner system as we know it originated in:
  • Random search
  • England
  • e. Both A and C
  • d. Both B and C
FORDISC analysis is invalid when
  • Taking a blow from a baseball bat to the humerus
  • The ability to identify burned and fragmented human remains
  • The individual is unlikely to belong to one of the FORDISC reference populations
  • The elbow
In the cleaning of remains, plastic tools are used because:
  • They prevent damage to the remains
  • The primary evidence that a crime has been committed
  • Aid in identifying individuals
  • The need to accommodate for childbirth
The next best step once locating the remains is to begin removing them from the ground and placing them into evidence bags. true/false
  • True
  • False
When remains are found, fleshed or skeletonized, the discoverer should:
  • Processing log
  • Most of the remains were intact versus fragmentary.
  • Call the police and leave them alone
  • Orthopedic implants
What is the Fully anatomical method of stature estimation?
  • Forensic artists can never perfectly reconstruct antemortem facial features, only approximate them
  • The ratio between limb length and stature is consistent throughout human populations
  • It estimates stature using the summed lengths of all the bones contributing to stature, in addition to a soft tissue correction factor
  • c. Suchey-Brooks pubic symphysis method
Postmortem damage can be distinguished from perimortem damage by
  • Calcined, or calcinated
  • Color of the fracture
  • Most of the remains were intact versus fragmentary.
  • All of the above
Ancestry assessment in the United States is somewhat unique due to:
  • Presumptive identification is based on evidence that can potentially describe more than one person, while positive identification is based on evidence that can only describe one person
  • The ratio between limb length and stature is consistent throughout human populations
  • Several disparate groups coming together in one place A specific migration and immigration pattern
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
Licensed physician with training in forensic pathology who performs autopsy, determines cause and manner of death, and issues death certificate for individuals not under the care of a physician at time of death
  • Medical Examiner
  • Frontal sinus
  • All of the above
  • A, B, C only
What is photo/video superimposition?
  • As a means of quality assurance - to double-check analyses and reports.
  • Perimortem trauma can always be distinguished from postmortem damage.
  • The overlay of a skull image and an antemortem (before death) photograph
  • Getting aid and relief to surviving victims
Who was the founder of the C.A. Pound Human Identification Laboratory?
  • The death of an elderly patient in a nursing home
  • The time since death
  • Ancestry
  • William Maples
Forensic anthropologists may use taphonomy to aid in determining
  • All of the above
  • The time since death
  • Ancestry
  • Determine cause of death
The term for bone that has lost its organic components is __________________.
  • Decedent's last meal
  • Calcined, or calcinated
  • Large mastoid processes
  • Radiating fractures
Locating a clandestine burial can be done using:
  • Cremation exposes remains to high temperatures in a volatile environment
  • Ground penetrating radar The observation of vegetation changes Cadaver dogs Field-searching in a line
  • Presumptive identification is based on evidence that can potentially describe more than one person, while positive identification is based on evidence that can only describe one person
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
What is a N'ganga?
  • Cauldron used to perform rituals in Palo Mayombe
  • Everything that appears in the report should appear in the notes
  • The primary evidence that a crime has been committed
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
The sternum is _________ to the vertebrae:
  • context
  • clinical
  • The elbow
  • Anterior
Expert who assists Medical Examiner in the use of plant material for death investigation
  • The need to accommodate for childbirth
  • forensic odontologist
  • Osteometric board
  • forensic botanist
Why might a large female be at a disadvantage (as compared to a smaller female)?
  • Gestation and lactation require a large amount of energy
  • The ability to identify burned and fragmented human remains
  • d. Both A and B
  • Stature increases until adulthood, then decreases over time
What is the corpus delicti?
  • The primary evidence that a crime has been committed
  • Race is culturally and individually defined, while ancestry describes biological population origins
  • Adornments (e.g., glasses, piercings, etc.)
  • Physical differences between males and females of the same species
Of those Americans missing from past conflicts, most of the losses occurred in:
  • Secular change
  • Asia-Pacific
  • Taphonomy
  • d. Both A and B
Audits can be performed by the following individuals:a. External auditors b. Inferior auditors c. Superior auditors d. Internal auditors e. A and D
  • context
  • B and C
  • A and B
  • A and D
What is the major problem with the Hamann-Todd and Terry Skeletal Collections?
  • Call the police and leave them alone
  • Gestation and lactation require a large amount of energy
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
  • Race is culturally and individually defined, while ancestry describes biological population origins
Taphonomy literally means
  • Spreading calipers
  • The laws of burial
  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Orthopedic implants
Assists Medical Examiner by collecting material evidence at the scene
  • Radiating fractures
  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Law Enforcement Officer
  • Forensic Entomologist
Which of the following features is least likely to be estimated by a forensic anthropologist, and can only be added to a facial approximation if circumstantial evidence for it exists? a. Adornments (e.g., glasses, piercings, etc.) b. Sex c. Ancestry d. Age
  • Allocating money for surviving families
  • A, B, C only
  • Adornments (e.g., glasses, piercings, etc.)
  • B and D
Which of the following terms is used by most forensic anthropologists to describe the biological population origin of an individual?
  • ancestry
  • All are true
  • A, B, C only
  • Dalekanium
Differences in the pelvis between human males and females are primarily due to
  • All of the above
  • The need to accommodate for childbirth
  • It is a presumptive and exclusionary line of evidence
  • The space between the intervertebral discs begins to shrink
Taphonomy and Trauma forms are examples of:
  • It is one of the first cases that uses forensic anthropological techniques
  • Open forms because there are no specified methods on the form itself
  • They often involve the use of multi-disciplinary teams
  • Perimortem trauma can always be distinguished from postmortem damage.
The Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command Central Identification Laboratory (JPAC-CIL) is known for:
  • Highly environmentally-dependent
  • The need to accommodate for childbirth
  • Decedent's last meal
  • Identifying missing U.S. servicemembers
The fibula is ________________ to the tibia
  • Lateral
  • sKULL
  • clavicle
  • clinical
Expert who assists Medical Examiner in recovery of human remains, assessing trauma in skeletonized or badly decomposed remains, and determining the biological profile
  • forensic anthropologist
  • Simmering water
  • a. When site is visualized as a grid, it's easy to keep track of where evidence came from.b. Each square of the grid can be carefully excavated independently of the others. c. Grid systems tie in well with datum points.
  • Forensic artists can never perfectly reconstruct antemortem facial features, only approximate them
How does the anthropological investigation of war crimes differ from normal anthropological casework?a. The safety of the anthropologists may be at risk b. The anthropologists may be working for the UN, rather than a Medical Examiner or Coronerc. The anthropologists are not called upon to generate biological profiles d. All of the above e. A and B
  • A, B, and C only
  • e. Both A and C
  • A and B
  • B and D
A datum is a
  • The measurement of bone and skeletal materials
  • Fixed point from which all bones and evidence can be measured
  • Cauldron used to perform rituals in Palo Mayombe
  • Several disparate groups coming together in one place A specific migration and immigration pattern
Maximum cranial length is measured with:
  • d. Both B and C
  • All of the above
  • Spreading calipers
  • Analyze the remains
The process of deciding which remains in a mass disaster have the most likelihood of resulting in a personal identification is known as what?
  • Commercial
  • Triage
  • Frontal sinus
  • Cleaning the bone of all soft tissue
Assists Medical Examiner during autopsy
  • Orthopedic implants
  • Autopsy Technician
  • Spreading calipers
  • All of the above
In a mass fatality incident, the job of the forensic anthropologist is to
  • They prevent damage to the remains
  • Aid in identifying individuals
  • Getting aid and relief to surviving victims
  • All of the above ARE problems
Human bodies, like those of other mammals, follow general rules of proportions dealing with:
  • Call the police and leave them alone
  • The case has forensic merit
  • Heat conservation and distribution
  • Aid in identifying individuals
Of the six major joints, the bones of the shoulder will fuse
  • Asia-Pacific
  • Sixth
  • Shrinkage
  • sKULL
What skill is a forensic anthropologist most likely to bring to mass disaster response that other specialists may lack?
  • Gestation and lactation require a large amount of energy
  • The ability to identify burned and fragmented human remains
  • Fixed point from which all bones and evidence can be measured
  • They are not representative of the entire historic U.S. population
Which continent has the greatest human genetic diversity?
  • Dalekanium
  • Commercial
  • clinical
  • Africa
Techniques of subadult age estimation are based on multiple _________ processes.
  • Living stature
  • Processing log
  • Very useful
  • Developmental
Why would a state have a coroner system instead of the Medical Examiner system?
  • One can determine the direction of the bullet from the thorax bones
  • Getting aid and relief to surviving victims
  • The death of an elderly patient in a nursing home
  • There may not be enough violent crime to have a full-time medical pathologist
The ______is the second best area to look when determining sex.
  • Livor mortis
  • Lateral
  • skull
  • Anterior
Who should the anthropologist consult for assistance with identification involving radiographs?a. Clinical radiologist b. Forensic botanist c. Forensic radiologist d. Clinical genomicist e. A and C
  • An anthropologist is trained in osteology and can recognize small fragments among similar-colored debris
  • The time since death
  • A and C
  • William Maples
The largest number of unaccounted-for personnel are from which conflict?
  • Color of the fracture
  • sKULL
  • WWII
  • Highly environmentally-dependent
The relationship among items of evidence and between the greater crime scene and the world at large is referred to as:
  • All of the above
  • Geologist
  • context
  • Sequence
In blunt force trauma, the termination of one fracture into another can tell you
  • Very useful
  • Shrinkage
  • skull
  • Sequence
Locard's exchange principle states that:
  • Every contact leaves a trace
  • Highly environmentally-dependent
  • Femur, patella, tibia
  • Lack of good definitions of traits
Which of the following statements about anthropology are FALSE:a. Anthropology is a holistic science b. Anthropologists do not believe that culture exists c. Anthropologists search for testable explanations for natural phenomena d. Anthropologists strive to understand ultimate truths about humanity e. None of the above f. B and D
  • e. Both A and C
  • B and D
  • Archaeology
  • Frontal sinus
The facility that opened at the University of Tennessee in 1980:a.Led to the formation of the Hamann-Todd Skeletal Collection b. Was overseen by Dr. William "Bill" Bassc. Is devoted to the study of human decomposition d. All of the above e. A and B f. B and C
  • B and C
  • e. Both A and C
  • clinical
  • A, B, and D
The _______is the best area to look when assessing ancestry.
  • Sixth
  • False
  • sex
  • sKULL
Fractures that spread outward directly from the gunshot entrance wound are called:
  • e. Both A and B
  • All of the above
  • Radiating fractures
  • Allocating money for surviving families
Lead, board-certified forensic pathologist, appointed by the state governor in Florida and other states
  • A and C
  • The death of an elderly patient in a nursing home
  • Chief Medical Examiner
  • Determine cause of death
In a gunshot wound, the EXIT is characterized bya. Internal beveling b. External beveling c. Larger size than entrance wound d. Plastic deformation e. B and C
  • d. Both A and B
  • B and D
  • B and C
  • Taphonomy
Context of the remains is _________ in the identification process.
  • Living stature
  • Very useful
  • All of the above
  • Cup-shaped transverse
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Multiple Choice Questions
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