Multiple Choice Questions

elected local rural governments allow some democracy without weakening the central government
  • Bolsheviks
  • Zollverein
  • Zemstvos
  • Dumas
1807-82; personified the romantic revolutionary nationalism. Attempted to unify Germany.
  • Mazzini
  • Leon Trotsky
  • Frankfurt Assembly
  • Garibaldi
The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion.
  • Socialism
  • Romanticism
  • Social Darwinism
  • League Of Nations
Wrote "The Courtier" describing all of the major things that a man must have in order to be a functioning societal person
  • Cosimo De Medici
  • Pico Della Mirandola
  • Castiglione
  • Petrarch
Cold War. Prague Spring, ussr grows into other counrties, beginning of 5th republic in spain. With paris revolts beginning it. Space race begins
  • 1969
  • 1968
  • 1967
  • 1963
Supporter of Marthin Luther, he hid him from the Catholic Church when he refused to repent.
  • Frederich the Wise of Saxony
  • Olympe De Gouges
  • Jethro Tull
  • Adam Smith
King of France following Charles X. Abdicated the throne against threat of republican revolution (smelled his popularity was diminishing)
  • Charles Ii
  • Louis- Philippe
  • Leon Trotsky
  • Leo X
King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration, a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as strong opposition to Catholicism
  • Charles II
  • Henry Iv
  • Oliver Cromwell
  • William Of Orange
Art that is florid, more colorful, richer in texture and decoration, more light and shade- apparently less control. Scenes embody mystery and drama, violence and spectacle, suggesting a deliberate striving after effect. The Catholic church commissions artists to stir religious emotions and win back defectors. Values: sensualsim, dynaism, emotion.
  • Barouque
  • Romanticism
  • Abstract Expressionism
  • Renaissance Art
Edict of Nantes
  • 1599
  • 1598
  • 1498
  • 1603
coined the term renaissance, , (1304-1374) Father of the Renaissance. He believed the first two centuries of the Roman Empire to represent the peak in the development of human civilization.
  • Castiglione
  • Pico Della Mirandola
  • Petrarch
  • Lorenzo Valla
a Hungarian[3][4][5] composer, virtuoso pianist and teacher. He was also the father-in-law of Richard Wagner. In 1865 he became an abbot in the Roman Catholic Church.
  • Franz- Ferdinand
  • Stravinsky
  • Cardinal Richelieu
  • Franz List
Queen of England from 1558 to 1603, This queen of England chose a religion between the Puritans and Catholics and required her subjects to attend church or face a fine. She also required uniformity and conformity to the Church of England
  • Elizabeth I
  • Adam Smith
  • Vaclav Havel
  • Robert Koch
(c.1328-1384) Forerunner to the Reformation. Created English Lollardy. Attacked the corruption of the clergy, and questioned the power of the pope.
  • Martin Luther
  • Henry Viii
  • John Calvin
  • John Wycliffe
French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970)
  • Charles de Gaulle
  • Hitler
  • Leon blum
  • Napoleon bonaparte
An organization of nations formed after World War I to promote cooperation and peace.
  • Nato
  • Central Powers
  • Versailles
  • League Of Nations
the social class between the lower and upper classes
  • Robespierre
  • Bourgeoisie
  • Jacobins
  • Girondists
1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops
  • League Of Nations
  • Boxer Rebellion
  • Sepoy Rebellion
  • Triple Entente
Genre or everday scenes exhibit mathematical and geometric values of seventeenth centruy science. Middle class Dutch patrons commissioned secular works, portaits, still lives, landscapes, and genre paintings. Values: Quiet opulence, +comfortable domesticity, and relaism.
  • Abstract Expressionism
  • Surrelaism
  • Northern Realism
  • Impressionism
This was the queen of Austria as a result of the Pragmatic Sanction. She limited the papacy's political influence in Austria, strengthened her central bureaucracy and cautiously reduced the power that nobles had over their serfs
  • Maria Theresa
  • Catherine The Great
  • Joseph Ii
  • Frederick The Great
believed people in their natural state were basically good but that they were corrupted by the evils of society, especially the uneven distribution of property
  • Locke
  • Rousseau
  • Hobbes
  • Voltaire
French, perhaps greatest Enlightenment thinker. Deist. Mixed glorification and reason with an appeal for better individuals and institutions. Wrote Candide. Believed enlightened despot best form of government.
  • Locke
  • Rousseau
  • Voltaire
  • Diderot
Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain
  • Kepler
  • Henry Viii
  • Magellan
  • Vasco Da Gama
Adam Smith "Welath of Nations" American Revolution
  • 1676
  • 1775
  • 1786
  • 1776
WWII begins, non agression pact between soviets and germans
  • 1939
  • 1944
  • 2039
  • 1839
effectively discredited the long-standing view that the earth's surface had been formed by short-lived cataclysms, such as biblical floods and earthquakes-his principle: uniformitarianism: same geological processes that are at work today slowly formed the earth's surface over an immensely long time
  • Emmanuel Sieyes
  • Charles Lyell
  • Adam Smith
  • Jethro Tull
archduke of Austria Hungary who was assassinated at Sarajevo by a Serbian terrorist group called the Black Hand; his death was a main cause for World War I
  • Louis XV
  • Savonorola
  • Franz- Ferdinand
  • Catherine the Great
English philosopher and political theorist best known for his book Leviathan (1651), in which he argues that the only way to secure civil society is through universal submission to the absolute authority of a sovereign.
  • Rousseau
  • Voltaire
  • Hobbes
  • Locke
ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796, added new lands to Russia, encouraged science, art, lierature, Russia became one of Europe's most powerful nations
  • Frederick the Great
  • Joseph Ii
  • Peter the Great
  • Catherine the Great
A Paris journalist, editor of Revue de Progres and author of Organization of Work. Proposed social workshops/state supported manufacturing centers as a way to deal with the problems of industrialization(recognized the developing hostility toward the owning class/bourgeoisie).
  • Rousseau
  • Adam Smith
  • Louis Blanc
  • Karl Marx
English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded, He was a English humanist that contributed to the world today by revealing the complexities of man. He wrote Utopia, a book that represented a revolutionary view of society. (p.437)
  • Charles II
  • Mary Wollstonecraft
  • Jerome Bosch
  • Thomas More
son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)
  • Charles V
  • Henry Iv
  • Oliver Cromwell
  • Philip II
Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route.
  • Vasco da Gama
  • Magellan
  • Martin luther
  • Ignatius loyola
Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543)
  • Newton
  • Kepler
  • Galileo
  • Copernicus
Flemish painter who was a founder of the Flemish school of painting and who pioneered modern techniques of oil painting (1390-1441)
  • Desiderius Erasmus
  • Jan Van Eyck
  • Martin Luther
  • John Wycliffe
The division of Germany into the post war occupations
  • The decision made at Yalta was:
  • August Comte
  • Grand Alliance
  • The Directory
English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)
  • Freud
  • Darwin
  • Newton
  • Lamarck
Austrian foreign minister who basically controlled the Congress of Vienna. Wanted to promote peace, conservatism, and the repression of libaral nationalism throughout Europe.
  • Cavour
  • Bismarck
  • Metternich
  • Garibaldi
1785-Five man group. Passed a new constitution in 1795 that was much more conservative. Corrupt and did not help the poor, but remained in power because of military strength. By 1797 it was a dictatorship.
  • The Mountain
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
  • The Directory
  • Louis Xvi
set out to restore the absolute monarchy with the help of the ultraroyalists. Tried to repay nobles for lands lost during the revolution, but the liberals in teh legislative assemly opposed him. Eventually, he issued the July Ordinances.
  • Louis Xviii
  • Napoleon Iii
  • Charles X
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
Brave New World
  • The Directory
  • Aldous Huxley
  • Lorenzo Medici
  • Charles Lyell
German composer of operas and inventor of the music drama in which drama and spectacle and music are fused (1813-1883)
  • Wagner
  • Dubcek
  • Cavour
  • Sartre
a political theory advocating state ownership of industry
  • Social Darwinism
  • Romanticism
  • Impressionism
  • Socialism
a palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of Versailles
  • Lafayette
  • Descartes
  • League Of Nations
  • Versailles
king of France from 1774 to 1792
  • Robespierre
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
  • Charles X
  • Louis XVI
A French political leader of the eighteenth century. A Jacobin, he was one of the most radical leaders of the French Revolution. He was in charge of the government during the Reign of Terror, when thousands of persons were executed without trial. After a public reaction against his extreme policies, he was executed without trial.
  • Robespierre
  • Louis Xvi
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
  • Locke
Czech dramatist and statesman whose plays opposed totalitarianism and who served as president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 to 1992 and president of the Czech Republic since 1993 (born in 1936)
  • Margaret Thatcher
  • Boris Yeltsin
  • Vaclav Havel
  • Truman Doctrine
Swiss theologian (born in France) whose tenets (predestination and the irresistibility of grace and justification by faith) defined Presbyterianism (1509-1564)
  • John Calvin
  • Martin Luther
  • Henry Viii
  • Ignatius Loyola
the son of Nicholas I who, as czar of Russia, introduced reforms that included limited emancipation of the serfs (1818-1881)
  • Catherine The Great
  • Napoleon Iii
  • Peter The Great
  • Alexander II
bonfire of Vanities and Ruled Florence STRICTLY, later exectued by the Pope
  • Henry Iv
  • Montaigne
  • Alexander Ii
  • Savonorola
founded the Communist Party in Russia and set up the world's first Communist Party dictatorship. He led the October Revolution of 1917, in which the Communists seized power in Russia. He then ruled the country until his death in 1924.
  • Mussolini
  • Stalin
  • Lenin
  • Hitler
Turkish ruler of Egypt who one effective independence of Egypt from the Ottomans in early 1800s
  • Clemenceau
  • Cecil Rhodes
  • Muhammed ALi
  • Charles De Gaulle
These were the liberals of France who did not want to execute Louis XVI, but The Mountain did anyway
  • The Mountain
  • Girondists
  • Whigs
  • Jacobins
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries
  • MARSHALL PLAN
  • LEAGUE OF NATIONS
  • TRUMAN DOCTRINE
  • NATO
French Revolution
  • 1790
  • 1789
  • 1779
  • 1799
wife of Henry II, influenced her sons after the end of there father's rein. She placed an alliance with the ultra-Catholics (the militant Catholics), which was led by the second most powerful family in France, The Guise Family. She permitted the Guise Family their own independent army,which they would use to take out the other religions residing within the French Borders. This led to the civil wars in France and also the St. Bartholome's Day Massacre.
  • Catherine de Medici
  • Cardinal richelieu
  • Maria theresa
  • Henry iv
coined phrase "sociology"; believed in the scientific improvement of society and human condition
  • Karl Marx
  • August Comte
  • Oliver Cromwell
  • Diderot
the result of another revolution in France with which the emergence of universal male suffrage came about, also much conflict between middle and lower classes
  • 5th Republic
  • 2nd Republic
  • 3rd Republic
  • 1st Republic
Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art (1866-1944)
  • Jan Van Eyck
  • Picasso
  • Kandinsky
  • Machiavellli
King of England and Scotland and Ireland
  • Philip Ii
  • William of Orange
  • Oliver Cromwell
  • Charles Ii
(1485-1540) Became King Henry VII's close advisor following Cardinal Wolsey's dismissal. He and his contemporary THomas Cranmer convinced the king to break from Rome and made the Church of England increasingly more Protestant., (1485-1540) King Henry III's Chief Minister; he confiscated the wealth of the Catholic church and divided administration according to its functions by creating seperate departments of state
  • Thomas Cromwell
  • Charles Ii
  • William Of Orange
  • Oliver Cromwell
influential German philosopher remembered for his concept of the superman and for his rejection of Christian values (1844-1900)
  • Bacon
  • Einstein
  • Nietzsche
  • Rousseau
(1814-1824) Restored Bourbon throne after the Revoltion. He accepted Napoleon's Civil Code (principle of equality before the law), honored the property rights of those who had purchased confiscated land and establish a bicameral (two-house) legislature consisting of the Chamber of Peers (chosen by king) and the Chamber of Deputies (chosen by an electorate).
  • Charles X
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
  • Louis XVIII
  • Napoleon Iii
Textiles
  • Lorenzo Valla
  • June Days
  • Frederich the Wise of Saxony
  • During the industrial revolution the leading industry was
English military, political, and religious figure who led the Parliamentarian victory in the English Civil War (1642-1649) and called for the execution of Charles I. As lord protector of England (1653-1658) he ruled as a virtual dictator
  • Charles Ii
  • William Of Orange
  • Philip Ii
  • Oliver Cromwell
The joining of Austria and Hungary under two different crowns
  • Alexander Ii
  • Dual Monarchy
  • Zollverein
  • Diderot
Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
  • Hitler
  • Mussolini
  • Lenin
  • Stalin
The revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 against certain practices that violated religious customs; also known as the Sepoy Mutiny. (p. 661)
  • Napoleon's Invasion Of Russia
  • Sepoy Rebellion
  • Crimean War
  • Boxer Rebellion
German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary. With the help and support of Friedrich Engels he wrote The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Das Kapital (1867-1894). These works explain historical development in terms of the interaction of contradictory economic forces, form the basis of all communist theory, and have had a profound influence on the social sciences.
  • Adam Smith
  • Louis Blanc
  • Karl Marx
  • Leon Trotsky
leader of conservatives in Great Britain who came to power. Pledged to limit social welfare, restrict union power, and end inflation. Formed Thatcherism, in which her economic policy was termed, and improved the British economic situation. She dominated British politics in 1980s, and her government tried to replace local property taxes with a flat-rate tax payable by every adult. Her popularity fell, and resigned.
  • Mary Wollstonecraft
  • Margaret Thatcher
  • Olympe De Gouges
  • Charles De Gaulle
28th President of the United States
  • Clemenceau
  • Hitler
  • Wilson
  • Lenin
Napoleon era begins
  • 1900
  • 1799
  • 1810
  • 1800
German bacteriologist who isolated the anthrax bacillus and the tubercle bacillus and the cholera bacillus (1843-1910)
  • Florence Nightingale
  • Robert Koch
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Joseph Lister
Attack plan by Germans, proposed by Schliffen, lightning quick attack against France. Proposed to go through Belgium then attack France, Belgium resisted, other countries took up their aid, long fight, used trench warfare.
  • Central powers
  • Schlieffen plan
  • Triple entente
  • Marshall plan
French statesman who played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles (1841-1929)
  • Hitler
  • Wilson
  • Clemenceau
  • Stalin
Art of the french aristocracy portraying nobility in sylcan settings or ornate interiros, venusues and cupids above ladies in sillk along with finely dressed cavaliers. Values: ornamentation, elegance, sweetness.
  • Romanticism
  • Abstract Expressionism
  • Rococo
  • Impressionism
Us enters the war, Russian Revolution and civil war
  • 1912
  • 1922
  • 1927
  • 1917
Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism.
  • Martin Luther
  • Henry Viii
  • Anabaptists
  • Jesuits
Dutch settlers in South Africa
  • Rajahs
  • Sepoys
  • Mughals
  • Boers
Decameron, Federigo's Falcon, timelessness and university, 1300s, Humanism
  • Giovanni Bocaccio
  • August Comte
  • Renaissance Art
  • Emmanuel Sieyes
Leader of Swiss Reformation. Agreed to disagree with Luther about communion. He thought it was only a symbol, and that it wasn't Christ's body or blood untill it touched your mouth, only symbolic. Found on the battlefield of the Swiss Civil War wounded and the Lutherans found him, cut him up into little pieces, then burn them and scattered the ashes over the land. Luther said Zwingli got what he deserved.
  • Zwingli
  • Henry Viii
  • John Calvin
  • Ignatius Loyola
Born in 1853, played a major political and economic role in colonial South Africa. He was a financier, statesman, and empire builder with a philosophy of mystical imperialism.
  • Cecil Rhodes
  • Leon Trotsky
  • Mary Wollstonecraft
  • Adam Smith
Creator of the Church of England, he married 6 wives and divorced or had them killed since none could produce a male heir.
  • John Calvin
  • Henry VIII
  • Martin Luther
  • Charles V
a series of alliances among European nations in the 19th century, devised by Prince Klemens von Metternich to prevent the outbreak of revolutions
  • Concert of Europe
  • Holy Alliance
  • Zollverein
  • League of Nations
President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology
  • Marshall Plan
  • Nato
  • League Of Nations
  • Truman Doctrine
Franco Prussian War, German Empire declared at Versailles, Modernization of Paris begins
  • 1871
  • 1971
  • 1866
  • 1876
War in Afghanistan, 9'US war on terrotism
  • 1901
  • 2101
  • 2001
  • 1996
An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI.
  • League Of Nations
  • Triple Entente
  • Central Powers
  • Grand Alliance
Indebted to Freud, art tries to penetrate the facade of bourgeoise superficilaity and probe the psyche, that which lurks benath an individuals calm and artificial posture. Values: subliminal anxiety, dissonance in color and perspective, pictorial violence- manifest and latent.
  • Impressionism
  • Expresionaism
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
  • New Monarchies
supported education and the arts, made many business connections in Europe
  • Cosimo de Medici
  • Petrarch
  • Castiglione
  • Pico della Mirandola
Jews got kicked out of Spain, and COlumbus sails the ocean blue
  • 1492
  • 1491
  • 1487
  • 1392
older women
  • Einstein
  • During the great witchcraft persecutions who were often tried as witches?
  • Montaigne
  • Dubcek
the first Lancastrian king of England from 1399 to 1413
  • Henry IV
  • Philip Ii
  • Charles V
  • Louis Xvi
minister of King Louis XVIII, appointed by Marie de Medici , had the real power, wanted to curb power of nobility, 32 generalities, military provinces France was divided into
  • Cardinal Richelieu
  • Philip Ii
  • Jean Baptiste Colbert
  • Henry Iv
Marx and Engles, communist manifesto, France, Austria and Prussian revolution (all failed) Louis Napoleon Elected.
  • 1849
  • 1847
  • 1848
  • 1838
the Elector of Brandenburg who rebuilt his domain after its destruction during the Thirty Years' War (1620-1688), placed very strong emphasis on the army
  • Peter The Great
  • Frederick William
  • Catherine The Great
  • William Of Orange
Dutch humanist and theologian who was the leading Renaissance scholar of northern Europe, Dutch humanist and theologian who was the leading Renaissance scholar of northern Europe although his criticisms of the Church led to the Reformation, he opposed violence and condemned Martin Luther. he wrote The Praise of Folly, worked for Frobein and translated the New Testament from Greek to Latin(1466-1536)
  • Martin Luther
  • Desiderius Erasmus
  • John Calvin
  • Pico Della Mirandola
Ruled Russia during Napoleonic Wars and wanted peace after Napoleon's armied continued winning victories. The young tsar and Napoleon negotiated and he ended up accepting Napoleon's reorganization of Western and Central Europe and promised to enforce Napoleon's economic blockade against British goods.
  • Lech Walsea
  • Maria Theresa
  • Olympe de Gouges
  • Tsar Alexander I
German Nazi dictator during World War II (1889-1945)
  • Hitler
  • Mussolini
  • Lenin
  • Stalin
English scientist and Franciscan monk who stressed the importance of experimentation
  • Descartes
  • Newton
  • Bacon
  • Locke
Velvet Revolution, revolts in Eastern Europe, Berlin Wall goes down in 89'. Ussr destoryed in 91
  • 1989- 455
  • 1999- 91
  • 1989- 81
  • 1989- 91
prolific and influential Spanish artist who lived in France (1881-1973)
  • Kandinsky
  • Nietzsche
  • Freud
  • Picasso
Nonrepresantational art, no climazes, flattened- out planes and values, the real appearance of forms in nature os subordinated to an aesthetic concept of from composed of shapes, lines and colors. Value: personal and subjective interpretation.
  • Rococo
  • Cubism
  • Abstract
  • Abstract Expressionism
Wrote On the Dignity of Man which stated that man was made in the image of God before the fall and as Christ after the Resurrection. Man is placed in-between beasts and the angels. He also believed that there is no limits to what man can accomplish.
  • Pico della Mirandola
  • Castiglione
  • Petrarch
  • Lorenzo valla
Peace of Augsburg
  • 1560
  • 1555
  • 1655
  • 1455
Napoleon placed in charge of Paris. With other urban planners, he destroyed old buildings to cut broad, straight, tree-lined boulevards through both the center of the city, as well as on the outskirts. This allowed for easier traffic flow, better housing, and sewers.
  • Haussmann
  • Diderot
  • August Comte
  • Neoclassicm
Peace of Westphalia
  • 1748
  • 1648
  • 1658
  • 1649
conservatives and popular with pro-Bank people and plantation owners. They mainly came from the National Republican Party, which was once largely Federalists. They took their name from the British political party that had opposed King George during the American Revolution. Their policies included support of industry, protective tariffs, and Clay's American System. They were generally upper class in origin. Included Clay and Webster
  • Girondists
  • Jacobins
  • Whigs
  • Democrats
Italian nationalist whose writings spurred the movement for a unified and independent Italy (1805-1872)
  • Mazzini
  • Garibaldi
  • Bismarck
  • Cavour
Leon Blum, who began as a literary critic, became active in politics as a result of the Dreyfuss Affair. In 1919, he was elected to the French Chamber of Deputies. In 1925, he became the head of the Socialist Party and, in May 1936, he became France's first socialist Prime Minister sinceDuring his one year in office, he instituted a number of important social reforms, including the 40-hour work week. He used the Popular Front very successfully and it was used the workers and lower middle class. Revolutions by conservatives and inflation ruined the Popular Front and because of this Blum was forced to resign in June 1937.
  • Charles De Gaulle
  • Leon Blum
  • Leon Trotsky
  • The Mountain
Russian national legislature
  • Karl Marx
  • Bolsheviks
  • Duma
  • Rasputin
End of Spanish Civil war, peace of utrecht, pragmatic sanction
  • 1713
  • 1708
  • 1718
  • 1723
Historians' term for the monarchies in France, England, and Spain from 1450 toThe centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits. (p. 414)
  • New Monarchies
  • Dual Monarchy
  • Holy Alliance
  • Bourgeoisie
French writer regarded as the originator of the modern essay (1533-1592)
  • Locke
  • Voltaire
  • Diderot
  • Montaigne
A revolt during the month of June as a result of the abolishment of national workshops. This event ended the liberal capitalist and the radical socialists tension ending in victory for liberalism and Capitalism.-Also with the June Days it led to having a new constitution demanding a strong executive, which led to the rise of Louis Napoleon.
  • Pugachev Revolt
  • Bourgeoisie
  • June Days
  • Versailles
Wrote Two Treatises of Government. Said human nature lived free and had the natural rights of life, liberty, and property. He said government was created in order to protect these rights and if the government failed to do so it was the duty of the people to rebel.
  • Rousseau
  • Locke
  • Hobbes
  • Voltaire
discovered radium
  • Einstein
  • Currie
  • Zemstvos
  • Victor Hugo
Soviet Dictator from 1964 to 1982; brought an end to the Dethawing of the Cold War, instituted his doctrine of intervention in Eastern Europe; invaded Afghanistan in 1979
  • Stalin
  • Lenin
  • Gorbachev
  • Brezhnev
Prussian economic union, removed tariff barriers between German states, in step toward political unity
  • Bismarck
  • Concert Of Europe
  • Duma
  • Zollverein
A Protestant sect that believed only adults could make a free choice regarding religion; they also advocated pacifism, separation of church and state, and democratic church organization.
  • Ignatius Loyola
  • Anabaptists
  • Martin Luther
  • Jesuits
English inventor advocated the use of horses instead of oxen. Developed the seed drill and selective breeding.
  • Jethro Tull
  • Voltaire
  • Adam Smith
  • Louis Pasteur
Italian patriot whose conquest of Sicily and Naples led to the formation of the Italian state (1807-1882)
  • Mazzini
  • Mussolini
  • Garibaldi
  • Cavour
This was a political party within the National Convention named because the people that made up this party sat on the highest benches in the assembly hall. These people were the activists within the Convention. The Mountain worried that the Girondists would become conservative because of their already moderate beliefs. Although they were in competition with each other, the Mountain eventually won due to their alliance with the Sans-Culottes, resulting in a more radical group of people. The mountains believed in equal outcome.
  • Jacobins
  • The Directory
  • Girondists
  • The Mountain
He was a Flemish painter whose works display the confusion and anguish of the end of the Middle Ages. Jerome Bosch frequently used religious themes, colorful imagery, and grotesque fantasies in his works of art. (p.439)
  • Jerome Bosch
  • Vaclav Havel
  • Robert Koch
  • Jan Van Eyck
Soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms (born in 1931)
  • Gorbachev
  • Stalin
  • Brezhnev
  • Lenin
Russian chemist who developed a periodic table of the chemical elements and predicted the discovery of several new elements (1834-1907)
  • Clemenceau
  • Rutherford
  • Mendeleev
  • Einstein
born in Edinburgh; personified romantic movement's fascination with history-raised on grandfather's farm, fell under spell of old ballads and tales of Scottish border-influenced by German romanticism-esp. Johann Wolfgang con Goethe-translated Gotz von Berlichingen: play about a 16th century knight who revolted against centralized authority and championed individual freedom-storyteller, composed long narrative poems and series of historical novels-recreated spirit of bygone ages and great historical events
  • Victor Hugo
  • Louis Blanc
  • Walter Scott
  • Montaigne
Martin Luther- 95 Theses on granting indulgences
  • 1617
  • 1517
  • 1516
  • 1527
Treated more favorably than in later India. Widows could remarry and weren't given in child-marriage. In epics (Ramayana) women portrayed as forceful and able to achieve goals. (Aryan Society)
  • New monarchies
  • Oliver cromwell
  • Aryan women
  • Benthamite
Wrote "On Pleasure" defended the senses of good
  • Lorenzo Valla
  • Pico Della Mirandola
  • Petrarch
  • Desiderius Erasmus
A Jewish captain was falsely accused and convicted of comitting treason, really done by Catholic. Family and leading intellectual individuals and republicans like Zola wanted to reopen the case. Split in two, first army who are antisemetic and Catholic, and other side the civil libertarians and more radical republicans. Result is government severed all ties with church, no longer priests in state schools, catholicism loses a lot of power of indoctrination.
  • Bourgeoisie
  • Dreyfus Affair
  • Boxer Rebellion
  • Louis Blanc
Architect of Italian unification in 1858; formed an alliance with France to attack Austrian control of northern Italy; resulted in creation of constitutional monarchy under Piedmonteste king.
  • Garibaldi
  • Mazzini
  • Bismarck
  • Cavour
took four ships to the Tokyo Harbor- the massive black wooden ships powered by steam astounded the Japanese, the ships' cannons also shocked them. The Tokugawa shogun realized he had no choice but to receive HIM and the letter HE had brought from U.S. president Fillmore
  • Haussmann
  • U.S. Commodore Perry
  • Voltaire
  • Ludwig Van Beethoven
End of WWI with treaty of versailles.
  • 1918
  • 1923
  • 1928
  • 1917
Self-proclaimed holy man who claimed to heal the sick and have prophecy. He had much influence over Tsarina Alexandra and she often went to him for advise on political issues. He was believed to be having a sexual affair with Tsarina Alexandra and was assassinated by three members of the higher aristocracy; Tsarina Alexandra was very distraught and depressed due to his death (coincidence? I think not). (905)
  • Rasputin
  • Stalin
  • Lenin
  • Duma
Known by many as the creater or the reformation, he broke away from the Catholic Church and then later began to question the popes role in the church and the sale of indulgences.
  • John Calvin
  • Martin Luther
  • Ignatius Loyola
  • Henry Viii
This pianist was considered the master of Romanticism music
  • Karl Marx
  • Ludwig Van Beethoven
  • Louis Pasteur
  • Martin Luther
No one single point of view, no continuity or simulaniety of image contour, all possible views of the subject are compressed into one synthesizes view of top, sides, front and back. Picture becomes multifaceted view of objects with angular, interlocking planes. Value: a new way of seeing, a view of the world as a mosaic of multiple relationships, reality as interaction.
  • Abstract Expressionism
  • Impressionism
  • Romanticism
  • Cubism
A liberal member of the clergy, supporter of the Third Estate, and author of the fiery 1789 pamphlet "What Is the Third Estate?" Sieyès was one of the primary leaders of the Third Estate's effort at political and economic reform in France.
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
  • Louis Xvi
  • Oliver Cromwell
  • Emmanuel Sieyes
Waterloo defeat and Congress of Vienna
  • 1825
  • 1816
  • 1915
  • 1815
in World War I the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary and other nations allied with them in opposing the Allies
  • Triple Entente
  • Nato
  • Central Powers
  • League Of Nations
the czar of Russia whose plans to liberalize the government of Russia were unrealized because of the wars with Napoleon (1777-1825)
  • Alexander I
  • Henry IV
  • Franz List
  • Charles I
This was the alliance between Austria Prussia and Russia on the crusade against the ideas and politics of the dual revolution.
  • League Of Nations
  • Concert Of Europe
  • Triple Entente
  • Holy Alliance
An alliance between the English, Dutch, Austrians, and Prussians against the expansionist wars of Louis XIV.
  • League Of Nations
  • Marshall Plan
  • Grand Alliance
  • Triple Entente
Personality; Concepts: Defense mechanisms, ego, displacement, sublimation, projection, repression, regression, etc.; Study Basics: "The ego and the mechanisms of defense."
  • Nietzsche
  • Einstein
  • Darwin
  • Freud
Atomic bomb dropped on Japan, WWII ends.
  • 1940
  • 1950
  • 1935
  • 1945
German ecclesiastic (1380-1471), author of "the imitation of christ"; early northern christian writer who challenged individuals to live a godly life rather than focus just on knowledge, summarized philosophy of Brothers of the Common Life in 'Imitation of Life', died in 1471, associated with Brethren of the Common Life, He was the leader of the mystic group known as Modern Devotion
  • Thomas a' Kempis
  • Victor hugo
  • Wagner
  • Frederick william
This was the Holy Roman Emperor that called for the Diet of Worms. He was a supporter of Catholicism and tried to crush the Reformation by use of the Counter-Reformation
  • Henry Viii
  • Philip Ii
  • Charles V
  • John Calvin
Great Depression
  • 1924
  • 2029
  • 1929
  • 1934
gave power to the lower classes of Italy, but he let his family business decline.
  • Giovanni Bocaccio
  • Martin Luther
  • Lorenzo Medici
  • Petrarch
Was the first President of the Russian Federation from 1991 toThe Yeltsin era was a traumatic period in Russian history—a period marked by widespread corruption, economic collapse, and enormous political and social problems. In June 1991 Yeltsin came to power on a wave of high expectations. On June 12 Yeltsin was elected president of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic with 57% of the vote, becoming the first popularly elected president in Russian history. But Yeltsin never recovered his popularity after endorsing radical economic reforms in early 1992 which were widely blamed for devastating the living standards of most of the Russian population. By the time he left office, Yeltsin was a deeply unpopular figure in Russia, with an approval rating as low as two percent by some estimates.
  • Lenin
  • Karl Marx
  • Vaclav Havel
  • Boris Yeltsin
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