Race-based school segregation violates the equal protection clause
  • Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
  • Engel v. Vitale (1962)
  • Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
  • Schenck v. United States (1919)
Opened the door to equal protection challenges to redistricting and the development of the "one person, one vote" doctrine by ruling that challenges to redistricting did not raise "political questions" that would keep federal courts from reviewing such challenges
  • Baker v. Carr (1961)
  • Baker v. Carr (1862)
  • Baker v. Carr (1972)
  • Baker v. Carr (1962)
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
  • Engel v. Vitale (1957)
  • Engel v. Vitale (1963)
  • Engel v. Vitale (1967)
  • Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Limits on election spending in the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 are unconstitutional (struck down donation/spending limits)
  • Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
  • Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
  • Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
  • Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Bolstered the freedom of the press, establishing a "heavy presumption against prior restraint" even in cases involving national security
  • Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
  • Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
  • New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)
  • Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states
  • McDonald v. Chicago (2020)
  • McDonald v. Chicago (2011)
  • McDonald v. Chicago (2000)
  • McDonald v. Chicago (2010)
Congress may not use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime
  • United States v. Lopez (1990)
  • United States v. Lopez (2000)
  • United States v. Lopez (1995)
  • United States v. Lopez (2095)
Established the principle of judicial review empowering the Supreme Court to nullify an act of the legislative or executive branch that violates the Constitution
  • McDonald v. Chicago (2010)
  • Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
  • McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
  • Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Legislative redistricting must be conscious of race and ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965
  • Shaw v. Reno (1993)
  • Shaw v. Reno (1893)
  • Shaw v. Reno (1988)
  • Shaw v. Reno (2093)
Extended the right of privacy to a woman's decision to have an abortion
  • Roe v. Wade (1963)
  • Roe v. Wade (1873)
  • Roe v. Wade (1974)
  • Roe v. Wade (1973)
that upon arrest, a suspect has the right to remain silent and the right to consult with a lawyer
  • Miranda v. Arizona (1956)
  • Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
  • Miranda v. Arizona (1961)
  • Miranda v. Arizona (1965)
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent
  • Gideon v. Wainwright (1953)
  • Gideon v. Wainwright (2063)
  • Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
  • Gideon v. Wainwright (1958)
Public school students have the right to wear black armbands in school to protest the Vietnam War
  • McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
  • United States v. Lopez (1995)
  • Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)
  • McDonald v. Chicago (2010)
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