Multiple Choice Questions

encode defective proteins that do not repress cell division
  • Transcription factors
  • Proto-oncogenes
  • Mutant tumor-supressor genes
  • Differential Gene Expression
exons
  • Distal control elements
  • Splicing only keeps ______
  • Cytoplasmic determinants
  • Activators bind to ______
spatial control of gene expression, determination and differnentiation
  • Pattern formation
  • Determination
  • Proto-oncogenes
  • Induction
disease of unregulated cell proliferation
  • Operon
  • Repressor
  • Induction
  • Cancer
molecules
  • Distal control elements
  • Cytoplasmic determinants
  • proximal control elements
  • Epigenetic Inheritance
B. The coordinated control of gene expression in bacteria
  • What does the operon model attempt to explain?A. horizontal transmission of plant virusesB. the coordinated control of gene expression in bacteriaC. how genes move between homologous regions of DNAD. the mechanism of viral attachment to a host cellE. bacterial resistance to antibiotics
  • Forms of the ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following?A. cell-to-cell adhesion to be nonfunctionalB. DNA replication to be hyperactiveC. growth factor signaling to be hyperactiveD. DNA replication to stopE. cell division to cease
  • The functioning of enhancers is an example of...A. post-translational control that activates certain proteins.B. a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.C. transcriptional control of gene expression.D. the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.E. a post-transcriptional mechanism for editing mRNA.
  • The tryptophan operon is a repressible operon that is...A. turned off only when glucose is present in the growth medium.B. turned on only when glucose is present in the growth medium.C. permanently turned on.D. turned on only when tryptophan is present in the growth medium.E. turned off whenever tryptophan is added to the growth medium.
binds to the protein repressor
  • Repressor
  • proximal control elements
  • Operator
  • Co repressor
D. Gene
  • Which of the following statements best describes proto-oncogenes?A. They are produced by somatic mutations induced by carcinogenic substances.B. They are introduced to a cell initially by retroviruses.C. Their normal function is to suppress tumor growthD. They are underexpressed in cancer cellsE. They can code for proteins associated with cell growth.
  • This binds to a site far from the promoter on DNA to stimulate transcription...A. repressorB. promoterC. terminatorD. activatorE. enhancer
  • In eukaryotes, general transcription factors...A. bind to sequences just after the start site of transcription.B. inhibit RNA polymerase binding to the promoter and begin transcribing.C. bind to other proteins or to a sequence element within the promoter called the TATA box.D. are required for the expression of specific protein-encoding genes.E. usually lead to a high level of transcription even without additional specific transcription factors.
  • A group of DNA nucleotides that contains information to produce a polypeptide is a ______.A. chromosomeB. promoterC. base D. gene
Cell specialization
  • Chromatin
  • Determination
  • Induction
  • Differentiation
primary transcript may be sliced in different ways
  • Epigenetic Inheritance
  • Pattern formation
  • Alternative splicing
  • Transcription factors
master genes that control cellular identity
  • Tumor-supressor genes
  • Proto-oncogenes
  • Homeotic genes
  • Operon
D. nonidentical genes that produce different versions of globins during development
  • The functioning of enhancers is an example of...A. post-translational control that activates certain proteins.B. a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.C. transcriptional control of gene expression.D. the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.E. a post-transcriptional mechanism for editing mRNA.
  • During translation, the _____ of the tRNA pairs with the _____ of the mRNA.A. RNA nucleotide-DNA nucleotideB. RNA- proteinC. anticodon- codonD. stem- loopE. gene- antigene
  • In humans, the embryonic and fetal forms of hemoglobin have a higher affinity for oxygen than that of adults. This is due to...A. the attachment of methyl groups to cytosine following birth, which changes the type of hemoglobin produced.B. identical genes that generate many copies of the ribosomes needed for fetal globin production.C. pseudogenes, which interfere with gene expression in adults.D. nonidentical genes that produce different versions of globins during development.E. histone proteins changing shape during embryonic development.
  • Muscle cells and nerve cells in one species of animal owe their differences in structure to...A. using different genetic codes.B. having unique ribosomes.C. having different genes.D. having different genes expressed.E. having different chromosomes.
combo of DNA and protein
  • Co repressor
  • Chromatin
  • Differentiation
  • Induction
proximal control elements, promoter
  • In eukaryotes, general transcription factors...A. bind to sequences just after the start site of transcription.B. inhibit RNA polymerase binding to the promoter and begin transcribing.C. bind to other proteins or to a sequence element within the promoter called the TATA box.D. are required for the expression of specific protein-encoding genes.E. usually lead to a high level of transcription even without additional specific transcription factors.
  • Pattern formation
  • General transcription factors and mediators bind to the _______ and the ______
  • During translation, the _____ of the tRNA pairs with the _____ of the mRNA.A. RNA nucleotide-DNA nucleotideB. RNA- proteinC. anticodon- codonD. stem- loopE. gene- antigene
C. Bind to other proteins or to a sequence element within the promoter called the TATA box
  • In humans, the embryonic and fetal forms of hemoglobin have a higher affinity for oxygen than that of adults. This is due to...A. the attachment of methyl groups to cytosine following birth, which changes the type of hemoglobin produced.B. identical genes that generate many copies of the ribosomes needed for fetal globin production.C. pseudogenes, which interfere with gene expression in adults.D. nonidentical genes that produce different versions of globins during development.E. histone proteins changing shape during embryonic development.
  • A group of DNA nucleotides that contains information to produce a polypeptide is a ______.A. chromosomeB. promoterC. base D. gene
  • In eukaryotes, general transcription factors...A. bind to sequences just after the start site of transcription.B. inhibit RNA polymerase binding to the promoter and begin transcribing.C. bind to other proteins or to a sequence element within the promoter called the TATA box.D. are required for the expression of specific protein-encoding genes.E. usually lead to a high level of transcription even without additional specific transcription factors.
  • Which of the following statements best describes proto-oncogenes?A. They are produced by somatic mutations induced by carcinogenic substances.B. They are introduced to a cell initially by retroviruses.C. Their normal function is to suppress tumor growthD. They are underexpressed in cancer cellsE. They can code for proteins associated with cell growth.
mechanism of differential gene expression
  • Operon
  • Operator
  • Differentiation
  • Gene regulation
D. having different genes expressed
  • During translation, the _____ of the tRNA pairs with the _____ of the mRNA.A. RNA nucleotide-DNA nucleotideB. RNA- proteinC. anticodon- codonD. stem- loopE. gene- antigene
  • Forms of the ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following?A. cell-to-cell adhesion to be nonfunctionalB. DNA replication to be hyperactiveC. growth factor signaling to be hyperactiveD. DNA replication to stopE. cell division to cease
  • The functioning of enhancers is an example of...A. post-translational control that activates certain proteins.B. a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.C. transcriptional control of gene expression.D. the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.E. a post-transcriptional mechanism for editing mRNA.
  • Muscle cells and nerve cells in one species of animal owe their differences in structure to...A. using different genetic codes.B. having unique ribosomes.C. having different genes.D. having different genes expressed.E. having different chromosomes.
E. They can code for proteins associated with cell growth
  • Forms of the ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following?A. cell-to-cell adhesion to be nonfunctionalB. DNA replication to be hyperactiveC. growth factor signaling to be hyperactiveD. DNA replication to stopE. cell division to cease
  • The tryptophan operon is a repressible operon that is...A. turned off only when glucose is present in the growth medium.B. turned on only when glucose is present in the growth medium.C. permanently turned on.D. turned on only when tryptophan is present in the growth medium.E. turned off whenever tryptophan is added to the growth medium.
  • Which of the following statements best describes proto-oncogenes?A. They are produced by somatic mutations induced by carcinogenic substances.B. They are introduced to a cell initially by retroviruses.C. Their normal function is to suppress tumor growthD. They are underexpressed in cancer cellsE. They can code for proteins associated with cell growth.
  • What does the operon model attempt to explain?A. horizontal transmission of plant virusesB. the coordinated control of gene expression in bacteriaC. how genes move between homologous regions of DNAD. the mechanism of viral attachment to a host cellE. bacterial resistance to antibiotics
modifications and patterns of gene expressions are passed down at cell division to descendant cells
  • Steps of gene expression
  • Epigenetic Inheritance
  • Alternative splicing
  • Transcription factors
cluster of bacterial genes with similar functions
  • Histones
  • Operator
  • Repressor
  • Operon
encode proteins that promote cell division
  • Differentiation
  • Proto-oncogenes
  • Cancer
  • Transcription Factors
Cells acquire information and become committed to a particular fate in the organism. Happens before differentiation
  • Chromatin
  • Pattern formation
  • Determination
  • Epigenetic Inheritance
Transcription, splicing, translation, mRNA stability, Protein stability
  • Pattern formation
  • Homeotic genes
  • Steps of gene expression
  • Alternative splicing
C. anticodon- codon
  • During translation, the _____ of the tRNA pairs with the _____ of the mRNA.A. RNA nucleotide-DNA nucleotideB. RNA- proteinC. anticodon- codonD. stem- loopE. gene- antigene
  • The functioning of enhancers is an example of...A. post-translational control that activates certain proteins.B. a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.C. transcriptional control of gene expression.D. the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.E. a post-transcriptional mechanism for editing mRNA.
  • Differentiation
  • Trp operon is transcribed when tryptophan is ______, but not when tryptophan is _______.
E. Turned off whenever tryptophan is added to the growth medium
  • The tryptophan operon is a repressible operon that is...A. turned off only when glucose is present in the growth medium.B. turned on only when glucose is present in the growth medium.C. permanently turned on.D. turned on only when tryptophan is present in the growth medium.E. turned off whenever tryptophan is added to the growth medium.
  • The functioning of enhancers is an example of...A. post-translational control that activates certain proteins.B. a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.C. transcriptional control of gene expression.D. the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.E. a post-transcriptional mechanism for editing mRNA.
  • Muscle cells and nerve cells in one species of animal owe their differences in structure to...A. using different genetic codes.B. having unique ribosomes.C. having different genes.D. having different genes expressed.E. having different chromosomes.
  • What does the operon model attempt to explain?A. horizontal transmission of plant virusesB. the coordinated control of gene expression in bacteriaC. how genes move between homologous regions of DNAD. the mechanism of viral attachment to a host cellE. bacterial resistance to antibiotics
encodes proteins that repress cell division
  • Tumor-supressor genes
  • Proto-oncogenes
  • Co repressor
  • Repressor
bind to control elements and repress or activate transcription
  • Transcription factors
  • Operator
  • Operon
  • Repressor
mutant proteins promote cell division but lack the ability to be regulated
  • Oncogenes (mutants of proto-oncogenes)
  • Pattern formation
  • Tumor-supressor genes
  • Steps of gene expression
each cell expresses only a subset of its genes
  • Transcription Factors
  • Differentiation
  • Differential Gene Expression
  • Pattern Formation
Over expression due to gene rearrangement or gene amplification, point mutations resulting in overexpression, point mutations that cause too much activity or inactive regulatory sites
  • Proto-oncogenes become oncogenes by...
  • Oncogenes (mutants of proto-oncogenes)
  • Steps of gene expression
  • Proto-oncogenes
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Multiple Choice Questions
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