Multiple Choice Questions

What is the difference between an aldose sugar and a ketose sugar?
  • The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose.
  • A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar
  • Frogs than humans
  • The position of the carbonyl group
What is the major structural difference between starch and glycogen?
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • The amount of branching that occurs in the molecule
  • The components of the R-group
  • Denatured (unfolded) proteins do not function normally.
Starch and cellulose
  • Are polymers of glucose
  • A phosphorus atom, P
  • Cholesterol
  • Are insoluble in water
Which one of the following is NOT a component of each monomer used to make proteins?
  • A phosphorus atom, P
  • Are polymers of glucose
  • The components of the R-group
  • Alzheimer's and Parkinson's only
If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine?
  • 40
  • 5'TGCAAT3'
  • Chitin
  • 10
The label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. Hydrogenated vegetable oil
  • Alzheimer's and Parkinson's only
  • Is solid at room temperature
  • The components of the R-group
  • Do not have a polar or charged region
Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?
  • Denatured (unfolded) proteins do not function normally.
  • Lipids
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
One of the primary functions of RNA molecules is to
  • Do not have a polar or charged region
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • Cholesterol
  • Function in the synthesis of proteins
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?
  • The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose.
  • A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar
  • Frogs than humans
  • Denatured (unfolded) proteins do not function normally.
Phospholipids and triglycerides both
  • Are polymers of glucose
  • Have a glycerol backbone
  • Are insoluble in water
  • The components of the R-group
The R-group, or side chain, of the amino acid serine is -CH2-OH. The R-group, or side chain, of the amino acid leucine is -CH2-CH-(CH3)Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein in aqueous solution?
  • DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • Leucine would be in the interior, and serine would be on the exterior of the globular protein.
  • C18H32O16
Which of the following is the strongest evidence that protein structure and function are correlated?
  • Denatured (unfolded) proteins do not function normally.
  • DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • Dehydration reactions assemble polymers; hydrolysis reactions break polymers apart.
Changing a single amino acid in a protein consisting of 325 amino acids would
  • DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
  • Dehydration reactions assemble polymers; hydrolysis reactions break polymers apart.
  • Always alter the primary structure of the protein, sometimes alter the tertiary structure of the protein, and sometimes affect its biological activity
  • Do not have a polar or charged region
A new organism is discovered in the forests of Costa Rica. Scientists there determine that the polypeptide sequence of hemoglobin from the new organism has 72 amino acid differences from humans, 65 differences from a gibbon, 49 differences from a rat, and 5 differences from a frog. These data suggest that the new organism is more closely related to
  • Frogs than humans
  • The position of the carbonyl group
  • A peptide bond
  • As a disaccharide
Misfolding of polypeptides is a serious problem in cells. Which of the following diseases are associated with an accumulation of misfolded polypeptides?
  • A phosphorus atom, P
  • Alzheimer's and Parkinson's only
  • As a disaccharide
  • Is solid at room temperature
If 14C-labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be labeled?
  • A phosphorus atom, P
  • RNA
  • Chitin
  • Lipids
Which polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animals and fungi?
  • Chitin
  • Lipids
  • A phosphorus atom, P
  • Cysteine
You disrupt all hydrogen bonds in a protein. What level of structure will be preserved?
  • A phosphorus atom, P
  • Primary structure
  • A peptide bond
  • As a disaccharide
What does the term insoluble fiber refer to on food packages?
  • Lipids
  • Glucose
  • Cholesterol
  • Cellulose
You have just sequenced a new protein found in mice and observe that sulfur-containing cysteine residues occur at regular intervals. What is the significance of this finding?
  • 5'TGCAAT3'
  • Chitin
  • Cholesterol
  • Cysteine
Which of the following statements about the 5' end of a polynucleotide strand of RNA is correct?
  • Denatured (unfolded) proteins do not function normally.
  • The amount of branching that occurs in the molecule
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose.
Which of the following is the best explanation for why vegetable oil is a liquid at room temperature while animal fats are solid?
  • DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
  • The amount of branching that occurs in the molecule
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • Dehydration reactions assemble polymers; hydrolysis reactions break polymers apart.
Rhodopsins are light-sensitive molecules composed of a protein (opsin) and retinal (derivative of vitamin A). Opsin is a membrane protein with several α-helical segments that loop back and forth through the plasma membrane. There are two classes of rhodopsins. According to Oded Beje, one class has relatively slow dynamics (a photocycle of approximately 0.5 second) and is well suited for light detection. The second class has faster dynamics (a photocycle of approximately 0.02 seconds) and is well suited for chemiosmosis: pumping of protons or chloride ions across cell membranes. Oded Beje was the first, in September 2000, to report on a rhodopsin (proteorhodopsin) found in the domain Bacteria. [SOURCE: O. Beje et al., Science 289 (2000): 1902.]Proteorhodopsin consists of a single polypeptide chain. What is the highest level of structure found in this protein?
  • Cellulose
  • Chitin
  • Cysteine
  • Tertiary
The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12OWhat would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?
  • C18H27O16
  • C13H32O16
  • C18H32O16
  • C90H32O16
Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?
  • Vegetable oil has more double bonds than animal fats.
  • Denatured (unfolded) proteins do not function normally.
  • Dehydration reactions assemble polymers; hydrolysis reactions break polymers apart.
  • DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides
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Multiple Choice Questions
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