Multiple Choice Questions

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually used to build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____.
  • integrins
  • microfilaments
  • an archaean
  • Golgi apparatus
One function of the central vacuole in plants is growth. The central vacuole grows larger when there is an increase in the amount of stored material. An animal cell does not grow by this method. What is the essential difference between animals and plants that requires the central vacuole?
  • the clarity of the image in showing two objects as separate
  • eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of freshwater protists
  • The plant cell wall provides a more rigid structure.
  • INCREASED levels of endoplasmic reticulum activity
Which of the following cytoplasmic structures functions in the transport of vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus?
  • The cell becomes crowded with undigested wastes.
  • microtubulesVesicles travel along microtubules as they move from one part of the cell to another.
  • INCREASED levels of endoplasmic reticulum activity
  • ribosomes
A normal size range for a typical eukaryotic cell is _____.
  • secrete a lot of material
  • 10 to 100 micrometers
  • surface-to-volume ratio
  • plant cells and some protists
Which cellular organelle is required for photosynthesis to occur in eukaryotic cells?
  • the endoplasmic reticulum
  • chloroplast
  • plasmodesma
  • dynein arms
What mitochondrial feature enhances cellular respiration?
  • cristae
  • microfilament
  • cytoskeleton
  • cytoplasm
A 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm cell has a surface area that is _____ and a volume that is _____. A second cell, that is 10 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm, has a _____ surface-to-volume ratio when compared to the first cell.
  • on the rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • lack of dynein proteins
  • 60,000 mm2 ... 1,000,000 mm3
  • ribosomal proteins
Which of the following organelles is found only in an ANIMAL cells?
  • Lysosome.This organelle is found only in animal cells. Plant cells have a similar organelle called the central vacuole.
  • microtubulesVesicles travel along microtubules as they move from one part of the cell to another.
  • ribosomes
  • plasmodesmata.Plasmodesmata form channels between adjacent plant cells which have a similar function to gap junctions in animal cells.
The nucleolus _____.
  • manufactures ribosomes
  • manufacturing
  • plant cells and some protists
  • metabolically active
Which of the following would distinguish a bacterial cell FROM an animal cell?
  • The cell becomes crowded with undigested wastes.
  • presence of a CELL WALL
  • surface-to-volume ratio
  • ribosomes
What are the inner folds of the mitochondria called?
  • cristae
  • centrioles
  • ribosomes
  • cytoplasm
In a disease called primary ciliary dyskenisia, microtubules are disrupted, which results in abnormal ciliary movements. This disease could be caused by _____.
  • on the rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • gap junctions
  • lack of dynein proteins
  • light microscope
What are the limits on which maximum cell size depends?
  • molecule export
  • surface-to-volume ratio
  • centrioles
  • presence of a CELL WALL
Which of the following structures is essential for the successful operation of the endomembrane system?
  • chloroplast
  • transport vesicles
  • molecule export
  • The cell becomes crowded with undigested wastes.
How are cell surface proteins EXPORTED out of the cell?
  • its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment
  • The protein is Folded, then Packaged for Transport to the Golgi apparatus.
  • ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
Where are the ribosomes that produce enzymes responsible for the first steps of sugar metabolism found?
  • cytoplasm
  • cytoskeleton
  • chromatin
  • cristae
Pancreatic cells produce large amounts of protein. About how many ribosomes would you expect there to be in a pancreatic cell?
  • several million. There are several million ribosomes in cells, such as the cells in the pancreas that produce digestive enzymes.
  • on the rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • The FINISHED products of the Golgi apparatus may LEAVES the cell through vesicles that FUSE with the Plasma Membrane.
  • stomach tissueStomach tissue is muscle tissue that initiates movement (churning of food) and expansion.
Which is a typical function of lysosomes?
  • BREAKDOWN of damaged organelles, such as chloroplasts.Lysosomes do break down damaged organelles; lysosomes are rarely found in plant cells.
  • stomach tissueStomach tissue is muscle tissue that initiates movement (churning of food) and expansion.
  • The FINISHED products of the Golgi apparatus may LEAVES the cell through vesicles that FUSE with the Plasma Membrane.
  • mitochondrion. Mitochondria are involved in the process of converting the chemical energy of food to ATP.
What changes would you expect to see in the liver cells of someone SUFFERS from chronic alcoholism?
  • its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment
  • secrete a lot of material
  • INCREASED levels of endoplasmic reticulum activity
  • The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
The cell junctions in PLANT cells that provide CHANNEL between adjacent cells are generally _____.
  • plasmodesmata
  • chloroplast
  • manufacturing
  • lysosome
During a bacterial infection, signals are produced that communicate with the nucleus via molecules found on the surface of specific cells. This allows for the recruitment of white blood cells. What molecules are communicating with the nucleus?
  • integrins
  • nucleus
  • Golgi apparatus
  • cytoplasm
The purpose of cellular respiration is the production of _____.
  • peroxisomes
  • 40x
  • cristae
  • ATP
The protein actin is a component of a(n) _____.
  • microfilament
  • peroxisomes
  • cytoskeleton
  • microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a genetic disorder in which the cilia of the respiratory tract become immobile. As a result, these individuals suffer respiratory illnesses. This is because the cells _____.
  • ribosomal proteins
  • lack a nucleus
  • lack of dynein proteins
  • lack dynein arms
What is the relationship between the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane?
  • mitochondrion. Mitochondria are involved in the process of converting the chemical energy of food to ATP.
  • Lysosome.This organelle is found only in animal cells. Plant cells have a similar organelle called the central vacuole.
  • centrioles
  • The FINISHED products of the Golgi apparatus may LEAVES the cell through vesicles that FUSE with the Plasma Membrane.
When isolated liver cells are combined with toxins, initial processing in the _____ increases the solubility of those compounds as an initial step in their excretion. ( Module 4.8)
  • the endoplasmic reticulum
  • scanning electron microscope
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • lack of dynein proteins
Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?
  • They are constructed of interRELATED membranes.
  • ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum ... digestion of worn-out organelles
  • The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
The contractile vacuole _____.
  • plant cells and some protists
  • the clarity of the image in showing two objects as separate
  • The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
  • eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of freshwater protists
When elongated, tube-shaped cells from the lining of the intestine are treated with a certain chemical, the cells sag and become rounded. The internal structures disrupted by this chemical are probably _____.
  • gap junctions
  • microtubules
  • cytoplasm
  • microfilaments
Which of the following structures is/are found in prokaryotic cells?
  • presence of a CELL WALL
  • lysosome
  • ribosomes
  • cristae
Which of the following are found in prokaryotic cells?
  • cristae
  • Lysosome.This organelle is found only in animal cells. Plant cells have a similar organelle called the central vacuole.
  • peroxisomes
  • ribosomes
A plant cell was grown in a test tube containing radioactive nucleotides, the monomers from which DNA is built. Later examination of the cell showed the radioactivity to be concentrated in the _____.
  • nucleus
  • lack a nucleus
  • microtubules
  • integrins
Which of the following would be found in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?
  • centrioles
  • ribosomes
  • transport vesicles
  • gap junctions
Which of the following structures is directly involved in the passage of electrical signals between cells as, for example, in the vertebrate heart?
  • manufacturing
  • ribosomes
  • transport vesicles
  • gap junctions
Digestive cells produce many enzymes that break down ingested food. These cells have a large number of ribosomes _____.
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • lack a nucleus
  • embedded in the thylakoid membrane
  • on the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria appear in the greatest numbers in cells that are _____.
  • breakdown of fatty acids
  • secrete a lot of material
  • have a double membrane ... carry out photosynthesis
  • metabolically active
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both _____; they are different in that chloroplasts, but not mitochondria, _____.
  • have a double membrane ... carry out photosynthesis
  • INCREASED levels of endoplasmic reticulum activity
  • They are constructed of interRELATED membranes.
  • on the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Which tissue would likely contain large amounts of anchoring junctions?
  • presence of a CELL WALL
  • plasmodesmata.Plasmodesmata form channels between adjacent plant cells which have a similar function to gap junctions in animal cells.
  • stomach tissueStomach tissue is muscle tissue that initiates movement (churning of food) and expansion.
  • ribosomes
The maximum size of a cell is limited by _____.
  • The protein is Folded, then Packaged for Transport to the Golgi apparatus.
  • eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of freshwater protists
  • its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment
  • microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
Many researchers think that the first eukaryotic cells consumed the organic compounds needed for life-sustaining functions. Given this information, which of the following organelles most likely appeared last in eukaryotic cells?
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Cilia located at the opening of the oviduct capture the ovum in a sweeping motion
  • chloroplast
  • chloroplastIf the earliest eukaryotic cells had contained chloroplasts, they would not have had to obtain organic compounds through food.
Where would you expect to find contractile proteins in a cell?
  • microfilament
  • ribosomes
  • secrete a lot of material
  • cytoskeleton
Peroxisomes are organelles that are involved in the _____.
  • breakdown of fatty acids
  • the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum ... digestion of worn-out organelles
  • secrete a lot of material
  • 10 to 100 micrometers
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they _____.
  • lack dynein arms
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • an archaean
  • lack a nucleus
What do the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes have in common?
  • The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
  • The protein is Folded, then Packaged for Transport to the Golgi apparatus.
  • They are constructed of interRELATED membranes.
  • scanning electron microscope
Protein synthesis requires several components, several of which are constructed in the nucleus. Which is the only macromolecule involved that ENTERS the nucleus, is modified, and then LEAVES via the Nuclear Pores?
  • ribosomal proteins
  • microtubules
  • smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • lack dynein arms
Integrins are proteins that are responsible for integrating changes that are occurring outside and inside the cell. They are able to do this because of _____.
  • ribosomal proteins
  • microfilaments
  • lack of dynein proteins
  • gap junctions
Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components?
  • ribosomes
  • chloroplast
  • cilia
  • plant
Cilia and flagella move due to energy provided by the enzymatic breakdown of ATP by _____.
  • chloroplast
  • lack dynein arms
  • plasmodesma
  • dynein arms
The general function of _____ is the BREAKDOWN of Substances.
  • the plasma membrane
  • cytoskeleton
  • peroxisomes
  • plasmodesmata
Lysosomes are derived from _____ and function in _____.
  • The FINISHED products of the Golgi apparatus may LEAVES the cell through vesicles that FUSE with the Plasma Membrane.
  • the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum ... digestion of worn-out organelles
  • the clarity of the image in showing two objects as separate
  • The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is considered to be in which general functional category of organelle?
  • dynein arms
  • gap junctions
  • manufacturing
  • microtubules
The term resolving power refers to _____.
  • The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
  • the clarity of the image in showing two objects as separate
  • its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment
  • microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
The plasma membrane would fit into which general function category?
  • scanning electron microscope
  • secrete a lot of material
  • They are constructed of interRELATED membranes.
  • support, movement, and communication
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Multiple Choice Questions
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