Multiple Choice Questions

The structure at letter C is located within what area of this structure?
  • cellular respirationThe folded membranes that comprise the cristae and the gel-like fluid between them (the matrix) are the locations of cellular respiration.
  • The cell builds a lot of cholesterol.Mitochondria are threadlike or lozenge-shaped membranous organelles. In living cells they squirm, elongate, and change shape almost continuously. They are the power plants of a cell, providing most of its ATP supply.
  • hydrolytic enzymesStructure D is a lysosome, which stores enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis (digestion) of organic cellular materials.
  • the matrixThe matrix is a gel-like fluid within the mitochondrion. It contains many enzymes associated with metabolism.
Which of the following is NOT a function of lysosomes?
  • protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes
  • They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Cilia are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur, typically in large numbers, on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Ciliary action moves substances in one direction across cell surfaces. Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella are commonly referred to as basal bodies.
  • help in the formation of cell membranes
  • organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division.
The nucleolus_______.
  • synthesis of proteins Structure A is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The figure illustrates how proteins are synthesized on ribosomes bound to the rough ER, sorted and modified in the Golgi apparatus, and delivered to the plasma membrane for secretion or packaged into lysosomes.
  • ribosomesProteins are synthesized at ribosomes. Free ribosomes float freely in the cytoplasm and produce soluble proteins that function in the cytosol, as well as those imported into mitochondria and some other organelles. Fixed ribosomes, which stud the rough endoplasmic reticulum, synthesize proteins destined either for incorporation into the cell membrane or lysosomes, or for export from the cell.
  • is this site of ribosome assembly in a cellNucleoli ("little nuclei") are the dark-staining spherical bodies found within the nucleus where ribosomal subunits are assembled. They are not membrane bounded. Typically, there are one or two nucleoli per nucleus, but there may be more. Nucleoli are usually large in growing cells that are making large amounts of tissue proteins.
  • contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function.
Which of the following is characteristic of cilia?
  • synthesis of the cell's membranes The rough ER synthesizes all proteins secreted from the cell; it also functions as the cell's "membrane factory" because integral proteins and phospholipids that form part of all cellular membranes are manufactured there.
  • ribosomesProteins are synthesized at ribosomes. Free ribosomes float freely in the cytoplasm and produce soluble proteins that function in the cytosol, as well as those imported into mitochondria and some other organelles. Fixed ribosomes, which stud the rough endoplasmic reticulum, synthesize proteins destined either for incorporation into the cell membrane or lysosomes, or for export from the cell.
  • help in the formation of cell membranes
  • They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Cilia are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur, typically in large numbers, on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Ciliary action moves substances in one direction across cell surfaces. Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella are commonly referred to as basal bodies.
What cellular process occurs on the unfolded membranes shown at B?
  • a mitochondrionMitochondria are characterized by an oblong shape with inner and outer membranes.
  • synthesis of proteins Structure A is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The figure illustrates how proteins are synthesized on ribosomes bound to the rough ER, sorted and modified in the Golgi apparatus, and delivered to the plasma membrane for secretion or packaged into lysosomes.
  • cellular respirationThe folded membranes that comprise the cristae and the gel-like fluid between them (the matrix) are the locations of cellular respiration.
  • The cell builds a lot of cholesterol.Mitochondria are threadlike or lozenge-shaped membranous organelles. In living cells they squirm, elongate, and change shape almost continuously. They are the power plants of a cell, providing most of its ATP supply.
What major function occurs on the specific membranes indicated by A?
  • The cell builds a lot of cholesterol.Mitochondria are threadlike or lozenge-shaped membranous organelles. In living cells they squirm, elongate, and change shape almost continuously. They are the power plants of a cell, providing most of its ATP supply.
  • synthesis of the cell's membranes The rough ER synthesizes all proteins secreted from the cell; it also functions as the cell's "membrane factory" because integral proteins and phospholipids that form part of all cellular membranes are manufactured there.
  • synthesis of proteins Structure A is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The figure illustrates how proteins are synthesized on ribosomes bound to the rough ER, sorted and modified in the Golgi apparatus, and delivered to the plasma membrane for secretion or packaged into lysosomes.
  • modification and packaging of proteinsThe Golgi apparatus within the endomembrane system functions in the sorting and modifying of membrane- bound proteins being transported to various cellular locations.
Myocardium (cardiac muscle tissue) must rhythmically contract for a lifetime. This requires a considerable amount of energy production by the cells. You would expect to see a relatively high amount of which organelle in these cells?
  • microvilli
  • mitochondria
  • a mitochondrionMitochondria are characterized by an oblong shape with inner and outer membranes.
  • centriole
As you look under a microscope you see a nucleus with a large density of nucleolus. What inference can you make about that cell?
  • The cell is producing a large amount of proteins.The nucleolus is the site where ribosomes and RNA organize in the nucleus in order to start the process of protein production.
  • The cell builds a lot of cholesterol.Mitochondria are threadlike or lozenge-shaped membranous organelles. In living cells they squirm, elongate, and change shape almost continuously. They are the power plants of a cell, providing most of its ATP supply.
  • If cilia are paralyzed then mucus-containing particles, including bacteria, will remain in the lungs and may cause a respiratory infection.
  • the enzyme functions only in lysosomes and not in the bloodBrain tissue has a high metabolic rate, requiring the constant breakdown of glycogen and lipids. When lysosomes fail to perform this function, fatty substance builds up to toxic levels and affects the child's nerve cells.
Babies with Tay-Sachs disease cannot be treated by injecting the missing enzyme into their blood because_________.
  • The cell builds a lot of cholesterol.Mitochondria are threadlike or lozenge-shaped membranous organelles. In living cells they squirm, elongate, and change shape almost continuously. They are the power plants of a cell, providing most of its ATP supply.
  • the enzyme functions only in lysosomes and not in the bloodBrain tissue has a high metabolic rate, requiring the constant breakdown of glycogen and lipids. When lysosomes fail to perform this function, fatty substance builds up to toxic levels and affects the child's nerve cells.
  • The cell is producing a large amount of proteins.The nucleolus is the site where ribosomes and RNA organize in the nucleus in order to start the process of protein production.
  • synthesis of the cell's membranes The rough ER synthesizes all proteins secreted from the cell; it also functions as the cell's "membrane factory" because integral proteins and phospholipids that form part of all cellular membranes are manufactured there.
Which cellular organelle is seen in this figure?
  • a mitochondrionMitochondria are characterized by an oblong shape with inner and outer membranes.
  • help in the formation of cell membranes
  • cellular respirationThe folded membranes that comprise the cristae and the gel-like fluid between them (the matrix) are the locations of cellular respiration.
  • modification and packaging of proteinsThe Golgi apparatus within the endomembrane system functions in the sorting and modifying of membrane- bound proteins being transported to various cellular locations.
The functions of centrioles include _________.
  • the matrixThe matrix is a gel-like fluid within the mitochondrion. It contains many enzymes associated with metabolism.
  • protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes
  • organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division.
  • help in the formation of cell membranes
Mitochondria_______.
  • are able to detoxify substances by enzymatic action
  • contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function.
  • protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes
  • help in the formation of cell membranes
Your patient has a respiratory disease that has literally paralyzed the cilia. Why would this patient be at an increased risk for a respiratory infection?
  • The cell is producing a large amount of proteins.The nucleolus is the site where ribosomes and RNA organize in the nucleus in order to start the process of protein production.
  • If cilia are paralyzed then mucus-containing particles, including bacteria, will remain in the lungs and may cause a respiratory infection.
  • cellular respirationThe folded membranes that comprise the cristae and the gel-like fluid between them (the matrix) are the locations of cellular respiration.
  • hydrolytic enzymesStructure D is a lysosome, which stores enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis (digestion) of organic cellular materials.
In certain kinds of muscle cells, calcium ions are stored in ____.
  • the smooth ER
  • centriole
  • synthesis of proteins Structure A is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The figure illustrates how proteins are synthesized on ribosomes bound to the rough ER, sorted and modified in the Golgi apparatus, and delivered to the plasma membrane for secretion or packaged into lysosomes.
  • help in the formation of cell membranes
Beta cells in the pancreas produce and secrete the protein hormone insulin. You would expect to see a relatively large amount of which organelles in these cells?
  • protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes
  • organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division.
  • Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • If cilia are paralyzed then mucus-containing particles, including bacteria, will remain in the lungs and may cause a respiratory infection.
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins?
  • ribosomesProteins are synthesized at ribosomes. Free ribosomes float freely in the cytoplasm and produce soluble proteins that function in the cytosol, as well as those imported into mitochondria and some other organelles. Fixed ribosomes, which stud the rough endoplasmic reticulum, synthesize proteins destined either for incorporation into the cell membrane or lysosomes, or for export from the cell.
  • synthesis of the cell's membranes The rough ER synthesizes all proteins secreted from the cell; it also functions as the cell's "membrane factory" because integral proteins and phospholipids that form part of all cellular membranes are manufactured there.
  • They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Cilia are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur, typically in large numbers, on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Ciliary action moves substances in one direction across cell surfaces. Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella are commonly referred to as basal bodies.
  • a DNA moleculeThe mitochondria each have a small circular DNA chromosome that contains genes for several mitochondrial proteins. These proteins are translated within the mitochondria (on the ribosomes indicated by the small red dots). Most of the DNA in a cell is found in the nuclear chromosomes. Several muscular and nervous system diseases are associated with defects in mitochondrial DNA.
Which of the following structures would aid a cell in allowing more nutrients to be absorbed by the cell?
  • They are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Cilia are whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur, typically in large numbers, on the exposed surfaces of certain cells. Ciliary action moves substances in one direction across cell surfaces. Centrioles forming the bases of cilia and flagella are commonly referred to as basal bodies.
  • microvilli
  • protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes
  • synthesis of the cell's membranes The rough ER synthesizes all proteins secreted from the cell; it also functions as the cell's "membrane factory" because integral proteins and phospholipids that form part of all cellular membranes are manufactured there.
Peroxisomes______.
  • are able to detoxify substances by enzymatic action
  • contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function.
  • help in the formation of cell membranes
  • organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division.
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Multiple Choice Questions
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