Multiple Choice Questions

What is a ribozyme?
  • It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule.
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
  • An addition mutation results in an added base in the DNA sequence, a deletion mutation results in the loss of a base in the DNA sequence, and addition and deletion mutations disrupt the primary structure of proteins.
  • a biological catalyst made of RNA
Which of the following types of mutation, resulting in an error in the mRNA just after the AUG start of translation, is likely to have the most serious effect on the polypeptide product?
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
  • An addition mutation and a deletion mutation.
  • One addition and one deletion mutation
The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is
  • It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule.
  • 5' to 3'
  • complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
  • a polypeptide missing an amino acid
The most commonly occurring mutation in people with cystic fibrosis is a deletion of a single codon. What is the result of this type of mutation?
  • One addition and one deletion mutation
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
  • a polypeptide missing an amino acid
  • An addition mutation and a deletion mutation.
Which of the following statements correctly describes a ribozyme?
  • It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA.
  • mRNA
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
What is a codon?
  • a biological catalyst made of RNA
  • It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule.
  • An addition mutation results in an added base in the DNA sequence, a deletion mutation results in the loss of a base in the DNA sequence, and addition and deletion mutations disrupt the primary structure of proteins.
  • A codon is a group of three bases that can specify only one amino acid.
Post-translational modifications of proteins may include which of the following processes?
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
  • An addition mutation and a deletion mutation.
  • One addition and one deletion mutation
  • addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoprotein
In bacteria, there are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNAs. Which of the following statements explains this fact?
  • a frameshift deletion at the beginning of the gene
  • An addition mutation and a deletion mutation.
  • It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA.
  • The rules for base pairing between the third base of a codon and tRNA are flexible.
Which of the following molecular structures contain codons?
  • DNA
  • It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA.
  • mRNA
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
Generally speaking, which of the following mutations would most severely affect the protein coded for by a gene?
  • addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoprotein
  • a frameshift deletion at the beginning of the gene
  • a polypeptide missing an amino acid
  • One addition and one deletion mutation
Spliceosomes are composed of _____.
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
  • snRNPs and other proteins
  • modified guanine nucleotide
During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 5' end of the RNA.
  • a long string of adenine nucleotides
  • modified guanine nucleotide
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
  • addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoprotein
Which mutation(s) would not change the remainder of the reading frame of a gene sequence that follows the mutation(s)?
  • addition of carbohydrates to form a glycoprotein
  • An addition mutation and a deletion mutation.
  • One addition and one deletion mutation
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
Which of the following processes correctly describes alternative RNA splicing?
  • mRNA
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
  • It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA.
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
If a DNA sequence is altered from TAGCTGA to TAGTGA, what kind of mutation has occurred?
  • translocation
  • exons
  • Deletion
  • two
During RNA processing a(n) _____ is added to the 3' end of the RNA.
  • modified guanine nucleotide
  • a polypeptide missing an amino acid
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
  • a long string of adenine nucleotides
Which component is not directly involved in translation?
  • DNA
  • exons
  • It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
  • mRNA
Once a peptide bond has been formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the P site and the amino acid associated with the tRNA in the A site, what process occurs next?
  • translocation
  • Deletion
  • a deletion of two nucleotides
  • An addition mutation and a deletion mutation.
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Multiple Choice Questions
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