Marine snow is _______.
  • Energy is lost as heat in each stage, causing the amount of energy available to decrease with each stage.
  • Energy flows through an ecosystem and cannot be recycled.
  • C3 carbon fixation occurs in more plants than C4 carbon fixation.
  • pieces of organic matter that were once part of living organisms
Which of the following best explains why ecosystems need a continual influx of new energy?
  • If energy doesn't transform organisms cant take it in the right way. And can't pass it on.
  • Energy flows through an ecosystem and cannot be recycled.
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • C3 carbon fixation occurs in more plants than C4 carbon fixation.
What are the two ways that organisms on the bottom of deep sea food chains acquire energy?
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • chemosynthesis and marine snow
  • phytoplankton ® zooplankton ® fish ® mammal
  • Energy flows through an ecosystem and cannot be recycled.
The amount of available energy changes between the trophic levels found in a food chain or energy pyramid.Photos: leaves ➜ mouse ➜ snake ➜ hawk.How would the amount of available energy differ in the trophic level of the mouse compared to the trophic level of the hawk?
  • potential energy in chemical form
  • through openings in the leaves called stomata
  • If energy doesn't transform organisms cant take it in the right way. And can't pass it on.
  • Available energy would decrease from the mouse to the hawk.
Which of the following creatures does not gain energy from marine snow either directly or indirectly?
  • water
  • zooplankton
  • roots
  • protozoa
Energy must be transformed in ecosystems because _______.
  • D. all of the above--------------------------------------------------------------------------------The above...a.if a person is in the path of the lightning dischargeb.if a person is not in the path of the lightning dischargec.up to 10 miles away from the rain area in a thunderstorm
  • all of the above-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The above...a.energy decreasesb.entropy increasesc.biomass decreases
  • Different types are suited best for different types of plant who are in different locations and have different temperatures and resources.
  • D. all of the above --------------------------------------------------------------------------------The above...a.energy cannot be created or destroyedb.an organism's energy must go somewherec.an organism's energy must come from somewhere
Which of the following organisms is located only in the 3rd trophic level of the soil food web?
  • water
  • protozoa
  • zooplankton
  • roots
How is energy associated with food stored?
  • through openings in the leaves called stomata
  • potential energy in chemical form
  • Organisms in the deep sea do not have direct access to sunlight.
  • sunlight and nutrient availability
The energy in fossil fuels is derived from the energy stored in plant and animal matter.
  • True
  • False
Moving through trophic levels _______.
  • all of the above-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The above...a.energy decreasesb.entropy increasesc.biomass decreases
  • C3 processes take place throughout the leaf, while C4 processes take place in the inner cells.
  • Without photosynthesis producers couldn't survive. Without plants, primary consumers wouldn't have food. Without primary consumers, secondary consumers wouldn't have food. Without secondary consumers, tertiary consumers wouldn't have food. Without tertiary consumers, quaternary consumers wouldn't have food. Plants also gives out oxygen and take in carcon dioxide.
  • Light reactions need light to produce organic energy molecules (ATP and NADPH). They are initiated by colored pigments, mainly green colored chlorophylls. While dark reactions make use of these organic energy molecules (ATP and NADPH). This reaction cycle is also called Calvin Benison Cycle, and it occurs in the stroma. ATP provides the energy while NADPH provides the electrons required to fix the CO2(carbon dioxide) into carbohydrates.
Energy in most ecosystems must flow through autotrophs because ______.
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • C3 carbon fixation occurs in more plants than C4 carbon fixation.
  • lost as heat
  • only autotrophs can convert solar energy into chemical energy
Which of the following is not a possible source of energy for chemosynthetic organisms?
  • zooplankton
  • producers
  • roots
  • water
Which of the following is an output of photosynthesis?
  • oxygen
  • water
  • Entropy increases going from one trophic level to another.
  • producers
Lightning strikes are dangerous _______.
  • D. all of the above--------------------------------------------------------------------------------The above...a.if a person is in the path of the lightning dischargeb.if a person is not in the path of the lightning dischargec.up to 10 miles away from the rain area in a thunderstorm
  • None of the above--------------------------------------------------------------------------------The above...a.The amount of available energy decreases at each higher trophic level.b.The energy conversion efficiency decreases at higher trophic levels.c.The net production of energy is higher at lower trophic levels.
  • Different types are suited best for different types of plant who are in different locations and have different temperatures and resources.
  • Without photosynthesis producers couldn't survive. Without plants, primary consumers wouldn't have food. Without primary consumers, secondary consumers wouldn't have food. Without secondary consumers, tertiary consumers wouldn't have food. Without tertiary consumers, quaternary consumers wouldn't have food. Plants also gives out oxygen and take in carcon dioxide.
Which of the following statements about energy and trophic levels is not true?
  • producers
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • protozoa
  • None of the above--------------------------------------------------------------------------------The above...a.The amount of available energy decreases at each higher trophic level.b.The energy conversion efficiency decreases at higher trophic levels.c.The net production of energy is higher at lower trophic levels.
Which of the following statements about C3 carbon fixation is true?
  • phytoplankton ® zooplankton ® fish ® mammal
  • C3 processes take place throughout the leaf, while C4 processes take place in the inner cells.
  • Energy flows through an ecosystem and cannot be recycled.
  • C3 carbon fixation occurs in more plants than C4 carbon fixation.
How does the carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis enter plants?
  • through openings in the leaves called stomata
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • phytoplankton ® zooplankton ® fish ® mammal
  • Organisms in the deep sea do not have direct access to sunlight.
Which type of carbon fixation stores carbon dioxide in acid form?
  • CAM
  • water
  • False
  • C3
Dark reactions require energy to proceed, while light reactions do not.
  • True
  • False
Different types of plants use different types of carbon fixation as adaptations to varying conditions.
  • True
  • False
Ecosystem productivity is principally limited by _______.
  • sunlight and nutrient availability
  • Entropy increases going from one trophic level to another.
  • only autotrophs can convert solar energy into chemical energy
  • potential energy in chemical form
Which of the following is true about the efficiency of energy transfer in an ecosystem?
  • The less energy the organism requires, the more efficient the energy transfer.
  • C3 carbon fixation occurs in more plants than C4 carbon fixation.
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • Energy flows through an ecosystem and cannot be recycled.
The conversion efficiency from herbivores to carnivores is the least efficient of the tropic levels with an average conversion of _____.
  • chlorophyll
  • 1 - 5%
  • roots
  • protozoa
Most energy enters ecosystems in the form of sunlight.
  • True
  • False
How does energy acquisition in the deep sea differ from energy acquisition near the ocean's surface?
  • Organisms in the deep sea do not have direct access to sunlight.
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • Organisms must gather energy to survive. This energy can come in different forms, depending upon whether the organism is an autotroph and gathers its energy from sunlight or a consumer that feeds upon autotrophs and/or other consumers. Processing plant and animal matter into usable chemical energy in this way requires transforming it. Plant matter is transformed by herbivores which are transformed by carnivores, maintaining the food webs that support an ecosystem.
  • Energy flows through an ecosystem and cannot be recycled.
Which of the following is the most likely flow of energy in an aquatic ecosystem?
  • protozoa
  • producers
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • phytoplankton ® zooplankton ® fish ® mammal
The relationship between the amount of energy available for use and the amount of entropy in a food chain differs between trophic levels. Why would the amount of entropy increase from one trophic level to another in a food chain or energy pyramid?
  • Energy flows through an ecosystem and cannot be recycled.
  • energy is lost at each level as heat, which increases randomization
  • Available energy would decrease from the mouse to the hawk.
  • Energy is lost as heat in each stage, causing the amount of energy available to decrease with each stage.
Which of the following types of carbon fixation is least common for plants in arid locations?
  • C3
  • protozoa
  • producers
  • roots
Which of the following plant structures provides most of the water necessary for photosynthesis?
  • None of the above--------------------------------------------------------------------------------The above...a.The amount of available energy decreases at each higher trophic level.b.The energy conversion efficiency decreases at higher trophic levels.c.The net production of energy is higher at lower trophic levels.
  • roots
  • Most incoming solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere.
  • C3
Photosynthesis is vital for maintaining levels of atmospheric oxygen.
  • True
  • False
C4 and CAM plants are _______.
  • through openings in the leaves called stomata
  • pieces of organic matter that were once part of living organisms
  • adaptations to arid environments
  • irreversible changes
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