Multiple Choice Questions

Which of the following is true when comparing the Amundsen-Scott South Pole station and Barrow, Alaska CO2 concentration curves?
  • they show opposite seasonal curves
  • The globe's focal point for hydrocarbon production is a region with generally higher CO2 emissions per capita.
  • bubbles in glacial ice
  • Continents migrating toward the poles decreases global temperature.Volcanoes release carbon dioxide, thus increase global temperature.Volcanoes release aerosols, thus decrease global temperature.
The most recent spike of CO2 (over 280 ppm) in the atmosphere correlates to __________.
  • the shorter the wavelength of maximum radiation
  • the onset of the Industrial Revolution
  • contain the remains of organisms whose numbers and types vary with changing climate
  • hydrosphere and atmospherebiospheregeosphere and cryosphereSo...all of the above
The Vostok ice core curve shows CO2 concentrations over the last __________.
  • 400,000 years
  • stratosphere
  • Tree Rings
  • Photochemical Smog
What is the coldest zone of Earth's atmosphere?
  • Greenland
  • mesopause
  • aerosols
  • 50 percent
Which of the two explanations below best explains the situations that exist at Inversion 1 and Inversion 2, respectively?
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
  • 1 - Pollution blocked by a large orographic barrier; 2 - Pollution trapped in relatively lower river basins.
  • they show opposite seasonal curves
  • The globe's focal point for hydrocarbon production is a region with generally higher CO2 emissions per capita.
Oxygen isotope analysis is the measurement of two isotopes of oxygen (18O and 16O). The lighter isotope, 16O, ________.
  • The globe's focal point for hydrocarbon production is a region with generally higher CO2 emissions per capita.
  • assess the current and potential future climate in the context of natural climate variability
  • seafloor sedimentstropical deforestationsunspotsSo...all of the above
  • evaporates more readily from the oceansis more prevalent in glaciersis more prevalent in precipitationSo...all of the above
Global warming since the mid-1970s has been about ________.
  • nitrogen and oxygen
  • 0.6C
  • land-sea surface clouds atmosphere snow and iceAll of the above
  • 5.6 kilometers
What are the solid and liquid particles suspended within the atmosphere called?
  • stratosphere
  • aerosols
  • mesopause
  • nitrogenoxygen
The climate system consists of the ________.
  • contain the remains of organisms whose numbers and types vary with changing climate
  • the shorter the wavelength of maximum radiation
  • aggregate weather conditions, "average weather"
  • hydrosphere and atmospherebiospheregeosphere and cryosphereSo...all of the above
The trace gas(es) that are most important are ________.
  • land-sea surface clouds atmosphere snow and iceAll of the above
  • methanemethane and nitrous oxidenitrous oxidechlorofluorocarbonsSo...all of the above
  • positive feedback mechanisms and negative feedback mechanismsSo...both positive- and negative-feedback mechanisms
  • human influences that exceed the bounds of natural variability
The temperature range of the past 7,000 years was __________ the temperature range of the preceding 30,000 years.
  • Greenland
  • more stable than
  • nitrogenoxygen
  • 400,000 years
How do aerosols affect climate?
  • methanemethane and nitrous oxidenitrous oxidechlorofluorocarbonsSo...all of the above
  • A) reflecting sunlight back to spaceB) making clouds "brighter" reflectorsabsorbing sunlight, not reflecting it back to spaceSo...both A and B
  • an up-and-down seasonal trend, and 2) overall increasing CO2 levels through time
  • 1 - Pollution blocked by a large orographic barrier; 2 - Pollution trapped in relatively lower river basins.
One half of the atmosphere lies below the altitude of
  • 5.6 kilometers
  • nitrogen and oxygen
  • 400,000 years
  • stratosphere
What percent of the solar energy reaching the top of the atmosphere passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed at Earth's surface?
  • Greenland
  • more stable than
  • 50 percent
  • aerosols
Modern climate change is dominated by ________.
  • clearing forestsburning fossil fuelscultivating paddy fields
  • human influences that exceed the bounds of natural variability
  • methanemethane and nitrous oxidenitrous oxidechlorofluorocarbonsSo...all of the above
  • the shorter the wavelength of maximum radiation
Which of the following is a natural process that could create long-term global warming?
  • increased carbon dioxide from volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor
  • clearing forestsburning fossil fuelscultivating paddy fields
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
  • Continents migrating toward the poles decreases global temperature.Volcanoes release carbon dioxide, thus increase global temperature.Volcanoes release aerosols, thus decrease global temperature.
What factor is disproportionally responsible for the total CO2 emissions in the nations ranked 3rd and 4th in 2000?
  • clearing forestsburning fossil fuelscultivating paddy fields
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
  • Concentrations of 16O decrease.Concentrations of 18O increase.
  • Both countries have a high amount of active deforestation.
What two trends are commonly seen in modern monthly CO2 concentration charts?
  • The globe's focal point for hydrocarbon production is a region with generally higher CO2 emissions per capita.
  • increased carbon dioxide from volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor
  • Concentrations of 16O decrease.Concentrations of 18O increase.
  • an up-and-down seasonal trend, and 2) overall increasing CO2 levels through time
Which of the following are possible consequences of global warming? Choose all that apply.
  • The globe's focal point for hydrocarbon production is a region with generally higher CO2 emissions per capita.
  • increased carbon dioxide from volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor
  • Global warming increases cloud cover, which traps heat on Earth, which increases global warming.Global warming melts sea ice, which decreases reflectivity and increases the amount of absorbed solar radiation.
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
Types of climate-feedback mechanisms consist of ________.
  • The globe's focal point for hydrocarbon production is a region with generally higher CO2 emissions per capita.
  • Continents migrating toward the poles decreases global temperature.Volcanoes release carbon dioxide, thus increase global temperature.Volcanoes release aerosols, thus decrease global temperature.
  • positive feedback mechanisms and negative feedback mechanismsSo...both positive- and negative-feedback mechanisms
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
In addition to glacial ice, what other natural climate recorder is discussed in the SmartFigure?
  • aerosols
  • Tree Rings
  • stratosphere
  • nitrogenoxygen
Ozone, another important component of the atmosphere is concentrated in the ________.
  • Tree Rings
  • aerosols
  • stratosphere
  • Photochemical Smog
The two main locations where ice cores are drilled are the Antarctic and __________ Ice Sheets.
  • Tree Rings
  • 400,000 years
  • Greenland
  • more stable than
Which of the following geologic processes affect global climate? Choose all that apply.
  • Continents migrating toward the poles decreases global temperature.Volcanoes release carbon dioxide, thus increase global temperature.Volcanoes release aerosols, thus decrease global temperature.
  • increased carbon dioxide from volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
  • Global warming increases cloud cover, which traps heat on Earth, which increases global warming.Global warming melts sea ice, which decreases reflectivity and increases the amount of absorbed solar radiation.
In the climate system diagram, modeling results show that observed changes in temperature closely align with __________.
  • a combination of both natural and human effects
  • contain the remains of organisms whose numbers and types vary with changing climate
  • hydrosphere and atmospherebiospheregeosphere and cryosphereSo...all of the above
  • 1 - Pollution blocked by a large orographic barrier; 2 - Pollution trapped in relatively lower river basins.
The 2013 IPCC report states that if there is a doubling of preindustrial level of carbon dioxide there will be a "likely temperature increase" in the range of ________.
  • Greenland
  • Tree Rings
  • stratosphere
  • 2 to 4.5°C
The natural cause(s) of climate change is(are) ________.
  • methanemethane and nitrous oxidenitrous oxidechlorofluorocarbonsSo...all of the above
  • the shorter the wavelength of maximum radiation
  • positive feedback mechanisms and negative feedback mechanismsSo...both positive- and negative-feedback mechanisms
  • The natural cause(s) of climate change is(are) ________.variability in Earth's orbit and volcanic activityvariability in Earth's orbitmovement of lithospheric plates farther/closer to the equatorvolcanic activitySo...all of the above
Which of the statements below is correct based on the data presented in the map?
  • The globe's focal point for hydrocarbon production is a region with generally higher CO2 emissions per capita.
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
  • increased carbon dioxide from volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor
  • Continents migrating toward the poles decreases global temperature.Volcanoes release carbon dioxide, thus increase global temperature.Volcanoes release aerosols, thus decrease global temperature.
From 400,000 to 50,000 years ago, the carbon dioxide levels fluctuated between ___________.
  • nitrogenoxygen
  • Photochemical Smog
  • 400,000 years
  • 180 and 280 ppm
What gases are dominant in a mixture of clean, dry air? Choose all that apply.
  • nitrogenoxygen
  • nitrogen and oxygen
  • stratosphere
  • 400,000 years
Which of the placemarks in the Particulate Matter folder does NOT show the potential release of particulate matter into the atmosphere?
  • B
  • they show opposite seasonal curves
  • Global warming increases cloud cover, which traps heat on Earth, which increases global warming.Global warming melts sea ice, which decreases reflectivity and increases the amount of absorbed solar radiation.
  • 1 - Pollution blocked by a large orographic barrier; 2 - Pollution trapped in relatively lower river basins.
Climate is a description of the ________.
  • human influences that exceed the bounds of natural variability
  • aggregate weather conditions, "average weather"
  • nitrogen and oxygen
  • the shorter the wavelength of maximum radiation
CO2 levels drop during spring and summer months because __________.
  • Shoreline erosion will increase.The oceans will become more acidic.
  • atmospherehydrospheregeospherecryospherebiosphere
  • photosynthetic organisms are absorbing CO2
  • Photochemical Smog
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Multiple Choice Questions
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