Multiple Choice Questions

Which of the following is the most common site of a nosocomial infection?
  • Urinary tract
  • Void regularly, 5 to 8 times a day
  • Angiography
  • Glomerulonephritis
Examination of a client's bladder stones reveal that they are primarily composed of uric acid. The nurse would expect to provide the client with which type of diet?
  • Angiography
  • glucose
  • ureter kidney
  • Low purine
What is the term for a concentration of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood?
  • Angiography
  • Azotemia
  • Proteinuria
  • Increased BUN
The nurse is completing a routine urinalysis using a dipstick. The test reveals an increased specific gravity. The nurse should suspect which condition?
  • The specific gravity will be high.
  • Decreased fluid intake
  • Hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage
  • Bleeding
A history of infection specifically caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci is associated with which disorder?
  • Hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage
  • Increased serum creatinine
  • Creatinine clearance
  • Acute glomerulonephritis
Which type of incontinence refers to involuntary loss of urine through an intact urethra as a result of a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure?
  • Low purine
  • Stress
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Diuretic
In a diagnosis of an upper urinary tract infection, which structures could be affected? Select all that apply.
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Low purine
  • Increased BUN
  • ureter kidney
A group of students is reviewing for a test on the urinary and renal system. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as part of the upper urinary tract?
  • Ureters
  • Kidney stones
  • Decrease in the blood flow through the kidneys
  • Oliguria
The nurse is preparing a client for a nuclear scan of the kidneys. Following the procedure, the nurse instructs the client to
  • After discarding the 8:00 am specimen
  • Check for thrill or bruit over the access site.
  • Creatinine clearance level
  • drink liberal amounts of fluids.
The clinic nurse is teaching a young woman about preventing recurrent urinary tract infections. What information should the nurse include?
  • Decreased fluid intake
  • Drink liberal amounts of fluids.
  • Hold the medications until after dialysis.
  • Increased serum creatinine
The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following?
  • Decreased fluid intake
  • Oliguria
  • Bleeding
  • Kidney stones
The nurse cares for a client with acute kidney injury (AKI). The client is experiencing an increase in the serum concentration of urea and creatinine. The nurse determines the client is experiencing which phase of AKI?
  • Oliguria
  • Bleeding
  • Hold the medications until after dialysis.
  • Decreased fluid intake
The nurse is reviewing the results of a client's renal function study. The nurse understands that which value represent a normal BUN-to-creatinine ratio?
  • A dull sound when percussing over the bladder
  • 10:1
  • Decreased fluid intake
  • Oliguria
Which of the following diagnostic tests would the nurse expect to be ordered to determine the details of the arterial supply to the kidneys?
  • Angiography
  • Azotemia
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Diuretic
The nurse is reviewing the potassium level of a patient with kidney disease. The results of the test are 6.5 mEq/L, and the nurse observes peaked T waves on the ECG. What priority intervention does the nurse anticipate the physician will order to reduce the potassium level?
  • Recent history of streptococcal infection
  • Administration of sodium polystyrene sulfonate [Kayexalate])
  • Perform hand hygiene prior to patient care. Assist the patients with frequent toileting. Provide careful perineal care.
  • Hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage
A 24-year-old patient was admitted to the emergency room after a water skiing accident. The X-rays revealed two fractured vertebrae, T-12 and LBased on this information, the nurse would know to perform which of the following actions?
  • After discarding the 8:00 am specimen
  • Check the patient's urine for hematuria.
  • Asses the patient's back and shoulder areas for signs of internal bleeding.
  • Wear a mask when performing exchanges.
A client develops decreased renal function and requires a change in antibiotic dosage. On which factor should the physician base the dosage change?
  • Creatinine clearance
  • ureteral stones.
  • Tall, peaked T waves
  • Creatinine clearance level
A nurse is reviewing the history of a client who is suspected of having glomerulonephritis. Which of the following would the nurse consider significant?
  • A dull sound when percussing over the bladder
  • Recent history of streptococcal infection
  • Decreased fluid intake
  • Hold the medications until after dialysis.
The nurse passes out medications while a client prepares for hemodialysis. The client is ordered to receive numerous medications including antihypertensives. What is the best action for the nurse to take?
  • Hold the medications until after dialysis.
  • The specific gravity will be high.
  • Kidney stones
  • A dull sound when percussing over the bladder
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal disease. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?
  • Hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage
  • Increased serum creatinine
  • Decreased fluid intake
  • Drink liberal amounts of fluids.
A male client has doubts about performing peritoneal dialysis at home. He informs the nurse about his existing upper respiratory infection. Which of the following suggestions can the nurse offer to the client while performing an at-home peritoneal dialysis?
  • Wear a mask when performing exchanges.
  • increased in renal disease and urinary obstruction.
  • After discarding the 8:00 am specimen
  • Check the patient's urine for hematuria.
The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a kidney biopsy. The nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of which of the following?
  • Oliguria
  • 10:1
  • Dehydration
  • Bleeding
A client has end-stage renal failure. Which of the following should the nurse include when teaching the client about nutrition to limit the effects of azotemia?
  • Increase carbohydrates and limit protein intake.
  • Creatinine clearance
  • increased in renal disease and urinary obstruction.
  • Creatinine clearance level
A patient has undergone a renal biopsy. After the test, while the patient is resting, the patient complains of severe pain in the back, arms, and shoulders. Which of the following appropriate nursing interventions should be offered by the nurse?
  • restricting sources of potassium usually found in fresh fruits and vegetables.
  • Increase carbohydrates and limit protein intake.
  • Check the patient's urine for hematuria.
  • Asses the patient's back and shoulder areas for signs of internal bleeding.
Following a nephrectomy, which assessment finding is most important in determining nursing care for the client?
  • SpO2 at 90% with fine crackles in the lung bases
  • Increase carbohydrates and limit protein intake.
  • Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.
  • increased in renal disease and urinary obstruction.
An appropriate nursing intervention for the client following a nuclear scan of the kidney is to:
  • pH 7.20, PaCO2 36, HCO3 14-
  • Creatinine clearance level
  • ureter kidney
  • Encourage high fluid intake.
Which term refers to inflammation of the renal pelvis?
  • Void regularly, 5 to 8 times a day
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Proteinuria
  • Increased BUN
What is a characteristic of the intrarenal category of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
  • Azotemia
  • Proteinuria
  • Angiography
  • Increased BUN
Which nursing intervention should the nurse caring for the client with pyelonephritis implement?
  • Drink liberal amounts of fluids.
  • A dull sound when percussing over the bladder
  • Teach client to increase fluid intake up to 3 liters per day.
  • Administration of sodium polystyrene sulfonate [Kayexalate])
Which of the following is a strategy to promote urinary continence?
  • Diuretic
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Void regularly, 5 to 8 times a day
  • Glomerulonephritis
The nurse is caring for a patient after kidney surgery. What major danger should the nurse closely monitor for?
  • Hold the medications until after dialysis.
  • A dull sound when percussing over the bladder
  • Hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage
  • Recent history of streptococcal infection
Which value does the nurse recognize as the best clinical measure of renal function?
  • Creatinine clearance
  • Teach client to increase fluid intake up to 3 liters per day.
  • Decreased fluid intake
  • Dehydration
Which phase of acute renal failure signals that glomerular filtration has started to recover?
  • Diuretic
  • Urinary tract
  • Stress
  • Azotemia
One of the roles of the nurse in caring for clients with chronic renal failure is to help them learn to minimize and manage potential complications. This would include:
  • Increase carbohydrates and limit protein intake.
  • Stress
  • Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.
  • restricting sources of potassium usually found in fresh fruits and vegetables.
The nurse cares for a client with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Which acid-base imbalance is associated with this disorder?
  • Tall, peaked T waves
  • Check for thrill or bruit over the access site.
  • pH 7.20, PaCO2 36, HCO3 14-
  • Encourage high fluid intake.
Hyperkalemia is a serious side effect of acute renal failure. Identify the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing that is diagnostic for hyperkalemia.
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Creatinine clearance level
  • Tall, peaked T waves
  • drink liberal amounts of fluids.
A patient is being seen in the clinic for possible kidney disease. What major sensitive indicator of kidney disease does the nurse anticipate the patient will be tested for?
  • Creatinine clearance
  • Creatinine clearance level
  • drink liberal amounts of fluids.
  • Increase carbohydrates and limit protein intake.
Which of the following causes should the nurse suspect in a client is diagnosed with intrarenal failure?
  • Void regularly, 5 to 8 times a day
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Creatinine clearance
  • Pyelonephritis
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Multiple Choice Questions
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