Multiple Choice Questions

A cell that contains only one set of chromosomes instead of the normal pair. Gametes, which are sex cells like sperm and eggs, are haploid cells.
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  • Diploid
  • Meiosis
  • Haploid
  • Gamete
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis.
-2QXZjEcuLmPBZIhWZGRZQ_m.jpg
  • Haploid
  • Homologous chromosomes
  • Diploid
  • Meiosis
The centromere divides. The chromatids seperate and move to opposite ends of the cell. Each chromatid is now an individual chromosome.
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  • Telophase Ii
  • Metaphase Ii
  • Prophase Ii
  • Anaphase II
Chromosomes duplicate before dividing in meiosis.
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  • Diploid
  • Gamete
  • Meiosis
  • Replication
Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis. This increases genetic variation.
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  • Telophase II
  • Non-Disjunction
  • Crossing Over
  • Meiosis
Chromosomes (uncondensed in this phase) replicate in preparation for meiosis. At this point they are long and thing and called "chromatin".
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  • Replication
  • Prophase Ii
  • Interphase
  • Meiosis
Male gamete (sex cell)
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  • Diploid
  • Gamete
  • Sperm
  • Egg
Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. Note that chromatids do not separate - each duplicated chromosome still has two chromatids.
BDkp5OpFXN4Kwpt6XHAueQ_m.png
  • Anaphase I
  • Anaphase II
  • Prophase I
  • Metaphase I
A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes; one inherited from the mother and one inherited from the father. Most body cells (nerve, brain, muscle, skin, etc.) are considered diploid cell.
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  • Gamete
  • Diploid
  • Haploid
  • Meiosis
The pairs of homologous chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. The centromere of each chromatid pair attaches to one spindle fibre.
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  • Anaphase II
  • Metaphase I
  • Metaphase II
  • Telophase I
Each chromosome comes near its replicated chromosome pair. Nucleus dissolves at this stage. Crossing Over (exchange of genetic material) occurs at this phase.
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  • Prophase I
  • Anaphase I
  • Anaphase II
  • Telophase I
The cytoplasm divides and two new cells form. Each new cell has one duplicated chromosome from each similar pair.
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  • Metaphase II
  • Metaphase I
  • Telophase II
  • Telophase I
The result of meiosis is 4 gametes, or sex cells, that each contain half of the genetic information in the parent organism.
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  • Haploid
  • Diploid
  • Sperm
  • Gamete
An accident of meiosisor mitosis in which a pair of homologous chromosomes or a pair of sister chromatids fail to seperate at anaphase
  • Mutation
  • Mitosis
  • Nondisjunction
  • Meiosis
A chromosome that determines whether an individual male or female
  • Autosome
  • Haploid
  • Gamete
  • Sex chromosome
During prophase I of meiosis
  • homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.
  • homologous Chromosomes
  • four phases for mitosis
  • prophase I.
In a organism that reproduces sexually, a cell containing two homologous sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent; a 2n cell has 46 chromosomes
  • Somatic
  • Gamete
  • Haploid
  • Diploid
During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur?
  • mitosis
  • metaphase I.
  • prophase I.
  • interphase.
A paired set of homologous chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatoids. Tetrads form during prophase 1 of meiosis
  • Mitosis
  • Tetrads
  • Diploid
  • Homologous Chromosomes
Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
  • four types of mutation
  • four phases for mitosis
  • four haploid cells.
  • Sister chromatoids
A change in the nucleotides sequence of an organism's DNA; mutation also can occur in the DNA or RNA of a virus; the altimate source of genetic diversity
  • Nondisjunction
  • Mutation
  • Mitosis
  • Meiosis
A chromosome not directly involved in determining the sex of an organism, in mammals, any chromosome other than X or Y.
  • Diploid
  • Autosome
  • Haploid
  • Gamete
In the life cycle of an organism that reproduces sexually, a cell contains a single set of chromosomes; a n cell has 23 chromosomes
  • Somatic
  • Gamete
  • Diploid
  • Haploid
a display of micrographs of the metaphase choromosomes of a cell, arranged by size and centromere position
  • Haploid
  • Diploid
  • Homologous Chromosomes
  • Karyotypes
A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during
  • prophase i.
  • meiosis
  • interphase.
  • mitosis
In a sexually reproducing organism, the division of a single diploid nucleus into four haploid daughter nuclei. produce haploid gametes from diploid cells in the reporductive organs of the parents
  • Meiosis
  • Mitosis
  • Mutation
  • Nondisjunction
the exchange of segments between chromatoids of homologous chromosomes during synapsis in prophase 1 of meiosis; also, the exchange of segments between DNA molecules in prokaryotes
  • Nondisjunction
  • Mitosis
  • prophase I.
  • Crossing Over
Any cell in a multicellular organism except sperm or egg cell or a cell that develops into a sperm or egg.
  • Somatic
  • Haploid
  • Gamete
  • Diploid
The division of a single nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei. make up the mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle
  • Diploid
  • Mitosis
  • Mutation
  • Meiosis
Which is a homologous chromosome pair?
  • It produces male and female sex cells.
  • tetrad
  • fertilization
  • Traits are inherited independently of each other.
Which definition correctly describes a haploid cell during meiosis?
  • a cell that has one complete set of chromosomes
  • Traits are inherited independently of each other.
  • crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization
  • fertilization
Which process of genetic recombination involves genes from both parents?
  • prophase I
  • a cell that has one complete set of chromosomes
  • tetrad
  • fertilization
Which discovery did Gregor Mendel make?
  • crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization
  • Traits are inherited independently of each other.
  • It allows for genetic variation among organisms.
  • It produces male and female sex cells.
Genetic variation occurs through genetic recombination.mc011-1.jpgWhich method of genetic recombination is illustrated in the diagram?
  • independent assortment
  • prophase I
  • a cell that has one complete set of chromosomes
  • crossing over
In his study of pea plants, Gregor Mendel used which method to produce offspring?
  • Traits are inherited independently of each other.
  • cross-pollination, by using parents that had different traits
  • 23 from the mother and 23 from the father
  • crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization
Three cells undergo meiosis. How many haploid cells are produced?
  • a cell that has one complete set of chromosomes
  • fertilization
  • prophase I
  • 12
Which best illustrates how Gregor Mendel used creativity that lead to scientific discovery?
  • 23 from the mother and 23 from the father
  • a cell that has one complete set of chromosomes
  • cross-pollination, by using parents that had different traits
  • He used pea plants to study the patterns of heredity.
The diagram illustrates one method of genetic recombination.mc014-1.jpgWhich method of genetic recombination is illustrated in the diagram?
  • fertilization
  • independent assortment
  • crossing over
  • crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization
How many chromosomes does a child inherit from his or her parents?
  • 23 from the mother and 23 from the father
  • crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization
  • cross-pollination, by using parents that had different traits
  • a cell that has one complete set of chromosomes
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Multiple Choice Questions
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