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Microbiology Quiz Ch 4
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Multiple Choice Questions
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The theory that explains the evolution of chloroplasts and mitochondria is: - endosymbiosis. - symbiosis. - punctuated equilibrium. - evolution.
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Carboxysomes
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endosymbiosis
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endotoxin
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endocytosis
Which of the following organelles is involved in the modification, packaging, and secretion of materials? - Lysosomes - Centrioles - Mitochondria - Golgi apparatus
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Mitochondrion
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Golgi apparatus
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Maintains cell shape
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Carboxysomes
In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in - Chromatophores. - Ribosomes. - Chloroplasts. - Mesosomes. - Cytoplasm.
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inclusions
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Mitochondrion
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Carboxysomes
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Chromatophores
The major site of cell membrane synthesis in eukaryotes is the - plasma membrane. - lysosome. - nucleus. - endoplasmic reticulum.
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Chromatophores
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endoplasmic reticulum.
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plasma membrane
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endotoxin
Which of the following statements about the glycocalyx is false? - It may be composed of polypeptide. - It may be composed of polysaccharide. - It may be responsible for virulence. - It is used to adhere to surfaces. - It protects from osmotic lysis.
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It protects from osmotic lysis.
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They are sensitive to penicillin.
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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They lack a plasma membrane.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the plasma membrane? - Contains proteins - Is the site of cell wall formation - Maintains cell shape - Is selectively permeable - Is composed of a phospholipid bilayer
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Carboxysomes
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They lack a plasma membrane.
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Maintains cell shape
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protects the cell in a hypertonic environment
Which drawing in Figure A is streptococci? - b - d - c - e - a
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B and C
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Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes.
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d
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pleomorphic
Archaeal cell walls - lack murein and D-amino acids. - are similar to those of gram-negative bacteria. - include orthomureine. - are disrupted by treatment with lysozyme or penicillin.
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lack murein and D-amino acids.
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gain more water than it loses.
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lose more water than it gains
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will - divide. - both gain and lose water equally. - gain more water than it loses. - neither gain nor lose water. - lose more water than it gains.
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is same as inside the cell
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lose more water than it gains
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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lack murein and D-amino acids.
Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is false? - They are sensitive to penicillin. - Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane. - They are toxic to humans. - They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment. - They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids.
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They are required for host growth and/or reproduction.
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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They possess 80S ribosomes.
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They are sensitive to penicillin.
Which of the following is not true of bacterial plasmids? - They may carry genes that enhance survival of the bacterium under certain conditions. - They may carry genes for drug resistance. - They are required for host growth and/or reproduction. - They can replicate independently of the chromosome.
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They possess 80S ribosomes.
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protects the cell in a hypertonic environment
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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They are required for host growth and/or reproduction.
Proteinacious projections from the surface of a bacterium that are used to mediate conjugation are called sex ________, whereas projections that mediate attachment to surfaces such as host cells are called ________.
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chloroplast
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peroxisomes
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Golgi apparatus
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pili; fimbriae
By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration? - Extracellular enzymes - Simple diffusion - Aquaporins - Facilitated diffusion - Active transport
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Centrosome — food storage
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Maintains cell shape
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Active transport
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Golgi apparatus
Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells? - They lack a plasma membrane. - Their DNA is not associated with histones. - They lack membrane-enclosed organelles. - Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane. - They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan.
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They lack a plasma membrane.
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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They are sensitive to penicillin.
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It protects from osmotic lysis.
Intracellular granules of organic or inorganic material that are stockpiled by bacteria for future use are called ________.
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Mitochondrion
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vibrio
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Chromatophores
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inclusions
When the cell wall is removed from a Gram-negative bacterium, the resulting form is called a(n) ________.
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Cellulose
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plasma membrane
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sporulation
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spheroplast
In many spirochetes, multiple flagella combine to form a bundle known as a(n) ________ filament, which winds around the cell and confers motility on the cell.
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Cilium
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inclusions
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axial
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B and C
Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is generally false? - They are motile by means of flagella. - They possess 80S ribosomes. - They lack membrane-bound nuclei. - They reproduce by binary fission. - They have a semirigid cell wall.
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They are sensitive to penicillin.
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They lack a plasma membrane.
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They possess 80S ribosomes.
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Centrosome — food storage
Which drawing in Figure A is a bacillius? - e - b - a - c - d
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pleomorphic
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c
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d
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Cilium
Which mechanism of cell transport is not seen in bacteria? - Group translocation - Active transport - Endocytosis - Facilitated diffusion - Simple diffusion
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endotoxin
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Mitochondrion
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endocytosis
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endosymbiosis
All of the following statements about the periplasmic space are true except: - It is located between the plasma membrane and outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. - It contains digestive enzymes. - All of the choices are true. - It is found only in gram-positive bacteria.
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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protects the cell in a hypertonic environment
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It is found only in gram-positive bacteria.
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They lack a plasma membrane.
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that is found in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria is also known as - endotoxin. - murein. - exotoxin. - teichoic acid.
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peroxisomes
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endoplasmic reticulum.
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chloroplast
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endotoxin
Which of the following is NOT a chemical component of a bacterial cell wall? - Peptidoglycan - Cellulose - Teichoic acids - Peptide chains - N-acetylmuramic acid
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Centrosome — food storage
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Cellulose
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Carboxysomes
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Golgi apparatus
_______ are the site of protein synthesis in the cell.
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peroxisomes
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sporulation
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ribosomes
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pseudomurein
_______ is a peptidoglycan-like molecule found in the cell walls of some archaea.
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ribosomes
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sporulation
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pleomorphic
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pseudomurein
Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell? - Cell wall - Golgi complex - Vacuole - Mitochondrion - Nucleus
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Golgi apparatus
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Mitochondrion
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Carboxysomes
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Centrosome — food storage
Where are phospholipids most likely found in a prokaryotic cell? - B and C - Ribosomes - Flagella - Around organelles - Plasma membrane
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pili; fimbriae
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Golgi apparatus
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plasma membrane
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B and C
Which of the following pairs is mismatched? - Golgi complex — secretion - Endoplasmic reticulum — internal transport - Mitochondria — ATP production - Lysosome — digestive enzymes - Centrosome — food storage
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Maintains cell shape
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Carboxysomes
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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Centrosome — food storage
________ is the process through which endospores are formed within a vegetative cell.
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pleomorphic
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inclusions
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pseudomurein
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sporulation
The organelle that can oxidize fatty acids and store catalase to break down accumulated toxic oxygen forms is - mitochondria. - centrioles. - lysosomes. - peroxisomes
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magnetosomes
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peroxisomes
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endotoxin
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Carboxysomes
Bacteria that do not have a fixed shape are said to be ________.
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pleomorphic
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pseudomurein
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nucleoid
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Chromatophores
Which of the following would NOT be a tenet to the cell theory? - cells have genetic material - new cells arise only from preexisting cells - the cell is the basic unit of life - all living things are made of cells - only eukaryotes are made of cells
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only eukaryotes are made of cells
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They are sensitive to penicillin.
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They possess 80S ribosomes.
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They lack a plasma membrane.
Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion bodies known as ________ to orient themselves in Earth's magnetic field.
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magnetosomes
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Chromatophores
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spheroplast
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Carboxysomes
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