Multiple Choice Questions

Charles Darwin was the first person to propose a hypothesis on the origin of coral reefs
  • Pangaea
  • Charles Darwin
  • False
  • True
How do mafic volcanic rocks get to Earth's surface?
  • Pressure from overlying crust forces mantle magmas through cracks to Earth's surface. These magmas erupt out of volcanoes, cool, and solidify into rock
  • Earth's crust is less dense than the mantle
  • almost always
  • Ocean crust is created at the mid-ocean ridge
Deep-sea trenches are found at convergent plate
  • false
  • Divergent
  • true
  • subduction zone
which type of force is repsonsible for nomal fault formation
  • Gondawanaland
  • shear force
  • strike-slip fault
  • tensional force
Complete this statement: Divergence is to moving away as convergence is to ____
  • spreading center
  • a single volcano
  • shear force
  • moving toward
Match the term with the appropriate phrase: trench
  • Pangaea
  • compressional force
  • subduction zone
  • tensional force
When will a hot spot volcano become extinct
  • The collisions of India with Asia
  • When the magma is less dense than adjacent rock
  • when the volcano is carried away from the hot spot by the tectonic plate
  • Coral reefs at the ocean surface grow away from seamounts over time
A researcher interested in the vertical zonation of oceanic lithosphere would want to study
  • Pangaea
  • ophiolites
  • divergent
  • tablemounts
What was Pangaea
  • folded and faulted rock
  • True
  • Most tectonic plates contain both oceanic and continental lithosphere
  • A supercontinent that began to break apart about 200 million years ago
Did any subduction occur during the collision of india and Asia?
  • Most tectonic plates contain both oceanic and continental lithosphere
  • Coral reefs at the ocean surface grow away from seamounts over time
  • Yes; ocean basic between these two continents subducted under Asia
  • All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
What surface feature would you expect to form if both a hot spot and a tectonic plate are stationary
  • paleogeography
  • strike-slip fault
  • Laurasia and Gondwanaland
  • a single volcano
What was Panthalasse
  • All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
  • a piece of the Panthalassa Ocean that existed after the Pangaean super continent formed
  • They are all associated with zones of earthquakes
  • the single ocean that existed after the Pangaen super continent formed
The cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco, CA, are about 380 miles apart. Plate motion along the San Andreas Fault is about five centimeters per year. If the Los Angeles Dodgers and the San Francisco Giants continue to play at their current locations, how long will it be before their games will constitute a cross-town rivalry?
  • about 12,230,000
  • a convergent boundary
  • a single volcano
  • paleogeography
in general, what is our best evidence that the orientation of Earth's magnetic field has changed over time?
  • a single volcano
  • - Nemataths and volcanic arcs are both the result of volcanic activity.- A volcanic arc is associated with a convergent plate boundary.- A nematath is created by a hotspot.- In a nematath, the age of the volcanoes progressively decreases as you move closer to the volcanic source.- In a volcanic arc, any of the volcanoes can be active at any time.
  • A record of Earth's magnetic field is recorded in oceanic rocks, which show a clear pattern of changes in Earth's magnetic polarity
  • Charles Darwin
Which geologic features are associated with convergent boundaries?
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
  • Ocean trenches and volcanoes
  • Andes and Cascades
  • spreading center
What caused the formation of the Himalayas?
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
  • The Earth would increase in volume
  • The collisions of India with Asia
  • They are all associated with zones of earthquakes
Which is the correct order of coral reef development near seamounts
  • A moving India collided with a stationary Asia about 30 million years ago
  • folded and faulted rock
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
  • Fringing reef, barrier reef, atoll
The magnetic field of the Earth reverses itself each time that magma erupts at a mid-ocean ridge
  • uplifted mountain ranges
  • divergent
  • False
  • paleogeography
How often does the Earth's magnetic field switch polarity?
  • every 100,000 to several million years
  • Very few plate boundaries follow the edges of continents
  • They are all associated with zones of earthquakes
  • along the crest of mid-ocean ridges
In general what are the Himalayan mountains composed of?
  • Moving over a hot spot of mantle plume
  • folded and faulted rock
  • a convergent boundary
  • strike-slip fault
What is the relationship between the mantle and the asthenosphere
  • Very few plate boundaries follow the edges of continents
  • some of the mantle is contained within a smaller layer called the lithosphere
  • All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
  • All of the asthenosphere is contained within a larger layer called the mantle
New crust is formed at trenches and older crust is subducted at oceanic ridges
  • false
  • ophiolites
  • paleogeography
  • True
Iceland is located on what type of plate boundary
  • Divergent
  • divergent plate boundary
  • Lithosphere
  • true
The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as
  • mid-ocean ridges and continental rift valleys
  • Parallel to and symmetric about mid-ocean ridges
  • Very few plate boundaries follow the edges of continents
  • Moving over a hot spot of mantle plume
What are rocks below and above a fault called
  • Hear from the mantle melts part of the lower crust
  • The collisions of India with Asia
  • the football below and the hanging wall above
  • The Earth would increase in volume
What do all plate boundaries have in common
  • They are all associated with zones of earthquakes
  • The collisions of India with Asia
  • the football below and the hanging wall above
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
Match the term with the appropriate phrase: seafloor magnetic stripes
  • Pangaea
  • compressional force
  • subduction zone
  • spreading center
The magnetic north pole has remained very close to the geographic North Pole throughout all of the geologic time
  • True
  • False
  • a single volcano
  • uplifted mountain ranges
Which type of plate boundary exists between India and Asia today?
  • strike-slip fault
  • shear force
  • divergent
  • a convergent boundary
Which of the following is the main reason that Earth has a magnetic field?
  • A moving India collided with a stationary Asia about 30 million years ago
  • Most tectonic plates contain both oceanic and continental lithosphere
  • Convection in the liquid iron-nickel outercore generates a magnetic field
  • Andes and Cascades
Match the term with the appropriate phrase: supercontinent 250 million years ago
  • Pangaea
  • False
  • moving toward
  • spreading center
Of the following statements about ocean crust which are true?
  • A supercontinent that began to break apart about 200 million years ago
  • Ocean crust is created at the mid-ocean ridge
  • True
  • Earth's crust is less dense than the mantle
What is the relationship between the crust and the lithosphere?
  • the football below and the hanging wall above
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
  • Ocean trenches and volcanoes
  • Andes and Cascades
Which geologic features are associated with divergent boundaries
  • Gondawanaland
  • Convection in the liquid iron-nickel outercore generates a magnetic field
  • mid-ocean ridges and continental rift valleys
  • All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
Which of the following is characteristic of continental-continental convergent plate boundaries?
  • tablemounts
  • Ocean trenches and volcanoes
  • uplifted mountain ranges
  • A moving India collided with a stationary Asia about 30 million years ago
The hawaiian Islands are located where the Pacific plate is
  • mid-ocean ridges and continental rift valleys
  • divergent plate boundary
  • Moving over a hot spot of mantle plume
  • When the magma is less dense than adjacent rock
The book The History of Ocean Basins, which contained the idea of seafloor spreading, was written by geologist
  • paleogeography
  • Harry Hess
  • Laurasia and Gondwanaland
  • false
Which supercontinent contained Africa and South America
  • Andes and Cascades
  • Gondawanaland
  • subduction zone
  • tensional force
Match the term with the appropriate phrase: island arc
  • Pangaea
  • compressional force
  • The Himalayas
  • subduction zone
Which of the following statements about Earth's magnetic field is most accurate?
  • uplifted mountain ranges
  • All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
  • Earth's magnetic field switches polarity at irregular time intervals
  • Convection in the liquid iron-nickel outercore generates a magnetic field
Evidence for continental drift includes
  • All of the above
  • subduction zone
  • tensional force
  • Lithosphere
Convergent plate boundaries occur when tectonic plates move away from each other
  • moving toward
  • Pangaea
  • A compass points toward the North Pole during normal polarity and to the South Pole during reverse polarity
  • False
The first scientist to propose the origin of coral reefs based upon subsidence (sinking) of volcanic islands was
  • True
  • Ocean crust is created at the mid-ocean ridge
  • paleogeography
  • Charles Darwin
How are felsic magmas formed?
  • the two continents have similar densities
  • Parallel to and symmetric about mid-ocean ridges
  • the football below and the hanging wall above
  • Hear from the mantle melts part of the lower crust
Which type of plate boundary is most closely associated with the formation of new ocean floor?
  • tablemounts
  • strike-slip fault
  • a convergent boundary
  • divergent
Which of the following statements is most accurate?countries
  • A moving India collided with a stationary Asia about 30 million years ago
  • Very few plate boundaries follow the edges of continents
  • Convection in the liquid iron-nickel outercore generates a magnetic field
  • Prior to 30 million years ago, Tibet was a much thinner landmass than it is today
Which mountain belt lies to the north of India?
  • in tropical latitudes
  • The Himalayas
  • subduction zone
  • Gondawanaland
Earthquakes can occur only in the
  • ophiolites
  • Lithosphere
  • subduction zone
  • strike-slip fault
How are normal polarity and reverse polarity of earth's magnetic field different?
  • A compass points toward the North Pole during normal polarity and to the South Pole during reverse polarity
  • All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
  • A seamount that grew above sea level, experienced wave erosion, and is now inactive
  • All of the asthenosphere is contained within a larger layer called the mantle
Which of the following statements about coral reefs and seamounts is most accurate
  • Most tectonic plates contain both oceanic and continental lithosphere
  • Earth's magnetic field switches polarity at irregular time intervals
  • A moving India collided with a stationary Asia about 30 million years ago
  • Coral reefs at the ocean surface grow away from seamounts over time
Sea floor spreading along the axis of an oceanic ridge results in symmertical patterns of all the following except
  • the location of subduction zones
  • a. Lithosphereb. Asthenosphere
  • Laurasia and Gondwanaland
  • the football below and the hanging wall above
In general, when will melted rock in the mantle rise?
  • almost always
  • paleogeography
  • subduction zone
  • All of the above
What is the relationship between continent edges and plate boundaries?
  • Very few plate boundaries follow the edges of continents
  • some of the mantle is contained within a smaller layer called the lithosphere
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
  • All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
The Wilson Cycle uses plate tectonic processes to show the life cycles of ocean basins during their growth, formation, and destruction over geologic time
  • False
  • True
  • Divergent
  • about 12,230,000
Fossils of ancient tropical plants are currently found near the poles because the
  • Plants lives in the tropics, but landmasses have drifted to current locations
  • Coral reefs at the ocean surface grow away from seamounts over time
  • Prior to 30 million years ago, Tibet was a much thinner landmass than it is today
  • Earth's magnetic field switches polarity at irregular time intervals
which type of fault has no vertical motion of rocks associated with it
  • divergent
  • Gondawanaland
  • strike-slip fault
  • spreading center
In general, why does Earth's crust sit on top of the mantle?
  • A record of Earth's magnetic field is recorded in oceanic rocks, which show a clear pattern of changes in Earth's magnetic polarity
  • Earth's crust is less dense than the mantle
  • True
  • Pressure from overlying crust forces mantle magmas through cracks to Earth's surface. These magmas erupt out of volcanoes, cool, and solidify into rock
New crust is formed at trenches and older rust is subducted at oceanic ridges
  • Pangaea
  • False
  • true
  • tablemounts
Why didn't india subduct under Asia
  • They are all associated with zones of earthquakes
  • in tropical latitudes
  • the two continents have similar densities
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
Where do coral reefs exist with sea mounts
  • in tropical latitudes
  • a convergent boundary
  • Andes and Cascades
  • the football below and the hanging wall above
What surface feature provides evidence for the location of hot sports?
  • volcanoes within tectonic plates
  • a convergent boundary
  • The crust is part of the lithosphere
  • Ocean trenches and volcanoes
what were the names of the two smaller super continents that formed when Pangaea broke apart?
  • Harry Hess
  • volcanoes within tectonic plates
  • Laurasia and Gondwanaland
  • compressional force
Loihi is
  • Moving over a hot spot of mantle plume
  • the location of subduction zones
  • the newest Hawaiian volcano
  • the two continents have similar densities
which type of force is responsible for reverse fault formation
  • compressional force
  • shear force
  • divergent
  • strike-slip fault
Where would you expect to see alternating bands of rock with different magnetic polarities
  • Ocean trenches and volcanoes
  • a. Lithosphereb. Asthenosphere
  • on both sides of the mid-ocean ridge
  • The collisions of India with Asia
Where is the youngest ocean floor found?
  • when the volcano is carried away from the hot spot by the tectonic plate
  • Andes and Cascades
  • The collisions of India with Asia
  • along the crest of mid-ocean ridges
Which of the following is characteristic of oceanic-continental convergent plate boundaries?
  • A moving India collided with a stationary Asia about 30 million years ago
  • a convergent boundary
  • andesitic volcanoes
  • Convection in the liquid iron-nickel outercore generates a magnetic field
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Multiple Choice Questions
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