Multiple Choice Questions

What was the risky investing practice that ultimately led to the stock market crash of 1929?
  • International companies were buying up all of the stock in American companies.
  • Businesses mistakenly assumed the American consumers would be willing to purchase big-ticket items like appliances and automobiles throughout the 1920s.
  • Investors had been buying stocks on margin rather than paying for stock purchases in full.
  • Investors had been leveraging their investments through the use of option contracts.
Which of the following best describes the distribution of wealth amongst the American public in the 1920s.
  • Rural Americans were finally becoming prosperous after struggling through the previous decade.
  • Wealth was very evenly distributed across all sectors of the American public.
  • The majority of Americans enjoyed comfortable, financially stable lives and poverty rates were at record lows.
  • The majority of the nation’s wealth was held by a small percentage of the population.
Which of the following was a cause of the severe drop in employment in the late 1920s and early 1930s?
  • Increased international trade.
  • Falling wages.
  • Laborers lacked the required skills for employment.
  • Demand for expensive items like cars and appliances began to dry up causing factories to lay off unneeded laborers.
What actions did President Herbert Hoover take in an effort to get the country out of the Great Depression?
  • He worked to keep wages high, increased federal spending, expanded the Federal Farm Board, blocked immigration, and raised tariffs.
  • He launched the New Deal which focused on relief, recovery, and reform.
  • He took no significant actions because of his laissez-faire philosophy.
  • His main focus was on getting help from Europe since America had proven to be such a crucial ally in World War I.
What was the main issue raised by the World War I veterans that organized and called themselves the “Bonus Army”?
  • They sought to collect a bonus in exchange for remaining enlisted in the army.
  • They were promised that they would be paid a bonus in 1945 for their participation in World War I, and the government had no intention of honoring the deal.
  • They were demanding that the bonus they were promised for their service in World War I be paid early.
  • They wanted to increase the size of the United States military.
What was the role of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s “Brain Trust”?
  • To come up with progressive solutions to the problems of the Great Depression
  • To improve medical advancements in neuroscience and help cure his paralysis
  • To weed out disloyal political associates
  • To improve the quality of the American education system
What was the result of the election of 1932?
  • Roosevelt and Hoover tied in the Electoral College. The House of Representatives ended up breaking the tie in favor of Roosevelt.
  • Roosevelt defeated Hoover in one of the largest landslides in American history.
  • Hoover narrowly won reelection.
  • Roosevelt won the presidency but lost the popular vote.
How was FDR able to renew American confidence in the banking system?
  • He closed all American banks for four days to allow for the implementation of reviews and new policies.
  • He passed new regulations that increased federal oversight over the banks.
  • He used the radio to communicate a message to the American people that promoted the reliability of reopened banks.
  • All of the above.
What would the series of progressive actions taken by Roosevelt during the “Hundred Days” session of Congress come to be known as?
  • The Square Deal
  • The Fair Deal
  • The New Deal
  • The Development Deal
What did the Tennessee Valley Authority, Civilian Conservation Corps, Public Works Administration, and Works Progress Administration all have in common?
  • They were New Deal programs that put Americans to work improving American infrastructure and public buildings.
  • They helped revitalize abandoned farms.
  • They did not gain enough public support to go into effect.
  • They were all attempts by Republican lawmakers to undermine the success of FDR’s New Deal policies.
How did the New Deal affect American agriculture?
  • The New Deal programs largely neglected American agriculture and focused almost exclusively on American industry.
  • New Deal programs generally resulted in lower profits for most American farmers.
  • The Agricultural Adjustment Act raised the prices of American agricultural products by paying farmers not to farm portions of their farmland and to destroy certain quantities of their yield.
  • The Civilian Conservation Corps provided money to tenant farmers and sharecroppers, drastically increasing the available agricultural labor force.
Which of the following describes the changing workforce of the Great Depression Era?
  • Women began entering the workforce in larger numbers.
  • More young people opted to remain in school instead of entering the workforce.
  • African Americans suffered employment rates significantly higher than whites, but did benefit from several New Deal employment programs.
  • all of the above
What was the impact of the Dust Bowl on American agriculture?
  • Word of the Dust Bowl brought thousands of Americans to the southern Great Plains with hopes of cashing in on the abundant fertile soil.
  • The Dust Bowl led to the mass exodus of nearly half a million farmers from the southern Great Plains due to the lack of farmable soil.
  • The Dust Bowl enticed thousands of women to become farmers in the southern Great Plains.
  • The Dust Bowl led to a boom of African American farm ownership in the southern Great Plains.
What was the reaction of American “big business” to FDR’s New Deal programs?
  • Nation-wide, business leaders were eager to lend their support to Roosevelt’s recovery programs.
  • Business leaders were indifferent to Roosevelt’s New Deal programs as they had little effect on large business interests.
  • Business leaders largely opposed Roosevelt’s New Deal and viewed them as attempts to interfere with the free enterprise system.
  • Business leaders used their political weight to help lobby for the creation of additional New Deal programs.
What was the premise of Senator Huey Long’s “Share the Wealth Plan”?
  • The rich would be taxed in order to pay for a home and stipend for every American.
  • America would turn away from capitalism and become a fully communist nation.
  • Businesses had to pay higher dividends to their shareholders or face stiff penalties.
  • all of the above
What did the Revenue Act of 1935 put in place?
  • A mandatory minimum wage for all American workers
  • The Internal Revenue Service
  • A public registry of all money earned by American workers
  • An increased tax rate on large corporations and wealthy Americans
What was the result of the Works Progress Administration’s efforts?
  • A total of 650,000 miles of roads were either built or repaired.
  • Nearly two million Americans were put to work.
  • Thousands of public buildings, airports, and bridges were built.
  • all of the above
What was the purpose of the Social Security Act?
  • To further tax the wealthiest Americans
  • To supply retired Americans with monthly pensions
  • To help build relations between America and foreign businesses
  • To support Americans who lost their jobs
What was the function of the large labor unions founded in the 1930s like the Congress of Industrial Organizations?
  • To give workers the ability to negotiate as a group for things like better wages and better working conditions
  • To create more government jobs to help ease America’s growing unemployment rate
  • To add more government oversight and control over the working class
  • To generate meaningful statistics about employment rates in the United States
What was the result of Roosevelt’s plan to pack the Supreme Court with justices who support the New Deal?
  • The Supreme Court increased to 15 justices.
  • The move was widely criticized as an overreach of Presidential authority and ultimately failed.
  • Five of the Supreme Court justices were removed from their positions and replaced with justices who favored FDR’s New Deal programs.
  • The move was widely celebrated as a sign of America’s commitments to the promises of the New Deal.
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Multiple Choice Questions
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