Multiple Choice Questions

What was a common goal of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan?
  • To prevent Soviet expansion and the spread of communism
  • To rebuild relations with Japan after World War II
  • To provide financial support for World War II veterans
  • To suppress future aggressions from the former Axis powers
Why was the growing conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States known as the “Cold War”?
  • The majority of the conflict’s combat happened in the arctic regions of Siberia.
  • The conflict began during the winter — a rarity for a military conflict.
  • While there were arms buildups and acts of intimidation, there was no actual combat between the two nations.
  • The conflict’s military operations were carried out with extreme cruelty and lack of consideration for human life.
Why was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established?
  • To negotiate trade agreements with the Soviet Union
  • To create a defensive pact to protect Western Europe and North America from Soviet attacks
  • To lay the groundwork for ending the Cold War diplomatically
  • To help European nations successfully transition to communism
What was the relationship between the Soviet Union and The People’s Republic of China during the Cold War?
  • The People’s Republic of China became a communist state in 1949, and quickly aligned themselves with the Soviet Union.
  • The People’s Republic of China and the Soviet Union had little interaction, positive or negative, throughout the Cold War.
  • The People’s Republic of China saw the Soviet Union as a target for invasion throughout the Cold War.
  • The People’s Republic of China became a key ally for NATO members during the Cold War.
What was Congress’s response to President Truman’s “Fair Deal” package of progressive reforms that he proposed in 1949?
  • A large majority embraced the proposals as crucial to helping Americans adjust to post-war life.
  • They narrowly passed his proposals, voting along party lines.
  • A coalition of Republicans and Southern Democrats blocked most of his proposals.
  • Truman was able to implement most of his proposals without the approval of Congress.
The National Security Act of 1947 established:
  • The National Security Council
  • The Central Intelligence Agency
  • The Joint Chiefs of Staff
  • All of the above
How did the G.I. Bill affect American military veterans returning from war?
  • It required veterans to commit to a period of additional service before receiving their service bonuses
  • It enabled millions of returning veterans to attend college, buy homes, and find jobs
  • It allowed returning veterans to end their enlistments in exchange for a commitment to a public service job for at least five years
  • It enabled elite military veterans to serve as intelligence officers in the Cold War
How did President Truman respond to the invasion of South Korea by North Korea in 1950?
  • He immediately deployed American ground forces to help defend South Korea.
  • He waited to see if South Korean military forces could defend themselves before sending any military support.
  • He deployed American troops as part of a NATO coalition.
  • He called for a naval blockade and urged the United Nations to intervene.
What was the end result of the Korean War?
  • North Korea and its communist allies achieved total victory and total control over South Korea.
  • South Korea and its UN allies were able to successfully invade and claim North Korea.
  • A cease-fire agreement was signed and a demilitarized zone was established between North and South Korea.
  • China and the Soviet Union used the war as an opportunity to take over the entire Korean Peninsula.
What was the central fear that led to the Red Scare in the late 1940s and early 1950s?
  • The fear of a full-scale military conflict with China.
  • The fear that the Republicans in Congress were going to impeach President Truman
  • The fear of a stock market crash followed by another depression.
  • The fear that communists were infiltrating all areas of American society
What was the result of the Election of 1952?
  • Republicans easily regained control over the Presidency and Congress, led by Presidential nominee and war hero Dwight D. Eisenhower
  • Adlai Stevenson narrowly won the Presidency, but Republicans kept control of Congress
  • Adlai Stevenson and the Democrats won control over the executive and legislative branches
  • Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower won the Presidency, but Democrats gained control over Congress
Which of the following best describes President Eisenhower’s approach to domestic policy?
  • Eisenhower was very progressive; throughout him term he sought to create many new social welfare programs.
  • Eisenhower was very conservative; he cut hundreds of government jobs and eliminated social welfare programs.
  • Eisenhower was a moderate; he worked to prevent excessive government spending while continuing most New Deal programs.
  • Eisenhower was erratic in his domestic policies and was largely unpopular.
What was President Eisenhower’s approach to Cold War military spending?
  • Although he aimed to slash military spending, Eisenhower was lured into an expensive arms race with the Soviet Union.
  • Eisenhower focused on developing a larger arsenal of conventional weapons and scaled back production of nuclear weapons.
  • Eisenhower refused to invest in any military spending that was not a nuclear weapon.
  • None of the above.
Which of the following factors bolstered American interest and investment in space exploration?
  • The successful Soviet deployment of Sputnik, the first man-made satellite.
  • President Eisenhower’s personal fascination with the cosmos.
  • Leading scientists pressured the Eisenhower administration to use some of the $300 million budget surplus to fund space research.
  • The United Nations issued a challenge to the world community to encourage investment in space-based research.
Which of these statements best describes Eisenhower’s domino theory?
  • Success in the Cold War would be determined by both good luck and strategy.
  • If either China or the Soviet Union collapsed, the other would collapse shortly thereafter.
  • If one nation in a region came under communist control, neighboring nations would follow suit one-by-one.
  • If Eisenhower could gain military support from one European nation, the others would follow suit one-by-one.
What impact did the capture of American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers have on relations between the United States and the Soviet Union?
  • It proved the ruthlessness of new Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev towards his American foes.
  • It reversed a period of improving relations between the United States and the Soviet Union.
  • It showed the Soviets that the United States was willing to sacrifice military personnel to avoid war.
  • The peaceful resolution following the spy plane incident set the tone for a new era of decreased tensions between the two superpowers.
How did the American economy change in the decades following World War II?
  • The economy steadily declined as the debts from the war effort overwhelmed the government
  • Productivity, technology, and standards of living all increased substantially in the post-war era
  • Despite rapid improvements in technology and infrastructure, the post-war economy remained fairly stagnant
  • The economy continued to suffer under high rates of inflation without much improvement in wages for most Americans
Which of the following statements characterizes the suburban boom which occurred in the 1950s?
  • Minorities had limited access to suburban communities due to racist real estate practices
  • The rise in automobile ownership allowed more families to move to the suburbs while commuting to city jobs
  • Massive housing developments sprung up in the areas surrounding major cities
  • All of the above
How did the migration of working-class and middle-class families to the suburbs affect those who remained in the inner cities.
  • Those who were unable to move to the suburbs experienced a worsening state of joblessness and poverty in the inner cities
  • City-dwellers had more job opportunities, a result of the vast number of people who had moved out
  • Inner cities flourished due to the rise of new technologies and related job opportunities
  • Inner cities did not change very much despite the growth of the suburbs
What effect did television have on American culture?
  • New shows portraying middle-class families served as examples for Americans’ hopes and dreams for their own lives.
  • The rise of television commercials spurred on an already growing consumer culture.
  • Television allowed Americans to access important news and cultural events from within their own homes and, in turn, have a shared experience regardless of their location.
  • All of the above.
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Multiple Choice Questions
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