Multiple Choice Questions

What was the goal of President Kennedy’s flexible response plan?
  • to provide America with a way to communicate quickly and effectively with the American people in case of an emergency
  • to ensure the American military was prepared to engage in guerilla warfare style conflicts
  • to give local law enforcement officials the right to assess situations and enact a wider range of responses
  • to expand the number of options available to the State Department when dealing with foreign diplomats
Which of the following best describes the results of the Bay of Pigs Invasion?
  • American forces successfully infiltrated Cuba and assassinated communist leader Fidel Castro.
  • American forces successfully invaded Cuba but were unable to assassinate communist leader Fidel Castro.
  • The mission was a failure and the American-trained troops were all either killed or captured.
  • The American invasion of Cuba was planned, but never actually carried out due to a lack of support from top generals.
What was the purpose of the Berlin Wall?
  • to prevent open travel and communication between East and West Berlin
  • to prevent open travel and communication between North and South Berlin
  • to make it difficult for Soviet forces to enter the city of Berlin
  • to serve as a monument honoring the fallen soldiers from World War II
How did President Kennedy respond to the Cuban Missile Crisis?
  • He threatened to retaliate with nuclear weapons if the Soviets used a nuclear weapon anywhere in the Western Hemisphere.
  • He ordered a naval blockade of all Cuban ports.
  • He utilized spy planes to monitor the development of Cuban missile sites.
  • All of the above.
Which of the following best describes the establishment of communist North Vietnam?
  • Communist leader Ho Chi Minh led successful revolts against the occupying Japanese near the end of World War II and then the colonizing French a decade later.
  • Communist leader Ho Chi Minh led a successful revolt against the Chinese colonizing the region.
  • The Soviet Union invaded Vietnam and took control of the region from the French.
  • China invaded Vietnam and took control of the region from the French.
Which of the following best describes the establishment of non-communist South Vietnam?
  • The 1954 Geneva Accords made all of Vietnam a non-communist country.
  • In 1954, South Vietnamese leaders successfully overthrew Ho Chi Minh and won independence for South Vietnam.
  • The 1954 Geneva Accords allowed South Vietnam to exist as a non-communist state until national elections could be held in 1956 to unify North and South Vietnam.
  • Near the end of World War II, the Allied powers had established crucial bases in South Vietnam. When the war ended, the Allies carved out the territory of South Vietnam and shared control.
What American foreign policy ultimately led America to be involved in the conflict between North and South Vietnam?
  • the domino theory
  • the Monroe Doctrine
  • détente
  • the open door policy
What was the relationship like between the United States and South Korean leader Ngo Dinh Diem?
  • Diem was eager to work with the United States to both combat the Vietcong and rebuild South Korean infrastructure to help limit the appeal of communism.
  • Diem accepted American military aid, however he refused to take the necessary steps to prevent corruption from interfering with the domestic problems facing his people. The United States approved a coup of Diem to remove him from power.
  • Diem was hostile towards Kennedy and his offers of military assistance to the South Vietnamese. Kennedy ended up sending American troops to support the South Vietnamese people anyway.
  • Beyond supplying military aid to South Vietnam, President Kennedy successfully helped Diem gain political support from the South Vietnamese people.
What was President Johnson’s attitude towards involvement in Vietnam when he took office in 1963?
  • Johnson was not convinced the South Vietnamese could fend off the North Vietnamese and Vietcong with or without American aid; he immediately began withdrawing American troops from Vietnam.
  • Johnson was doubtful about South Vietnam’s chances against the North Vietnamese and Vietcong, but felt America was already too committed to the fight to withdraw.
  • Johnson was eager to increase American involvement in Vietnam and was convinced that victory could be achieved quickly.
  • Johnson showed little interest in the Vietnam conflict and deferred all decisions to Congress and American military leaders.
Which of the following was a major challenge faced by American ground troops fighting in Vietnam?
  • Differentiating between South Vietnamese allies and the North Vietnamese enemy.
  • Maneuvering through sense swamps and jungles.
  • Mounting physical and mental health problems brought on by the war.
  • All of the above.
How was the Vietnam War initially received by the American public?
  • The Vietnam War gradually grew in popularity the longer it went on.
  • The war accentuated a generation gap between younger, draft-age Americans who generally opposed the war and older Americans and veterans who showed significantly less opposition.
  • The Vietnam War was supported by younger Americans to a significantly higher degree than older Americans and World War II veterans.
  • There was nearly universal support for the Vietnam War among the American public.
Why did many of those who opposed the Vietnam War feel the selective service system was unfair?
  • There was no consideration given to Americans who were morally and/or religiously opposed to war.
  • Wealthier Americans and those who could afford to go to college were largely exempted or granted deferments from the draft leaving the working class to fight the unpopular war.
  • There was no consideration given to the wartime value of certain types of industrial and agricultural workers in assigning deferments.
  • All of the above.
What was the result of the 1968 Tet offensive?
  • Americans and their South Vietnamese allies fought off the Vietcong and North Vietnamese.
  • The successful attack by the North Vietnamese and the Vietcong resulted in their acquisition of a substantial amount of South Vietnamese territory.
  • America became so disheartened by the poor performance of their South Vietnamese allies that they pulled out of the war within two months.
  • Both North and South Vietnam suffered such catastrophic losses that both sides agreed to a six-month cease-fire to replenish supplies and troops.
What was President Johnson’s response to General William Westmorland’s request for more troops following the success in repelling the Tet offensive?
  • Johnson agreed and increased drafting efforts.
  • Johnson agreed to draft more troops but refused to do so in the large numbers Westmorland was looking for.
  • Johnson chose the moment following the Tet offensive to halt further attacks, call for a reassessment of the war, and appealed to the North Vietnamese to begin peace talks.
  • Johnson refused Westmorland’s request, fired the general, and pushed for a renewed bombing effort rather than committing more ground troops to the war.
What was the cause of the protests at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago?
  • Supporters of third-party candidate George Wallace wanted to raise awareness for their choice for president.
  • Pro-war democrats felt their voices were not being heard. They feared that the nomination of Vice President Hubert Humphrey signaled a premature end to the Vietnam War.
  • Republicans were angered over the lack of attention given to their nominee, Richard Nixon.
  • Democrats opposed to the Vietnam War felt that Vice President Hubert Humphrey’s nomination would mean a continuation of President Johnson’s failed war policies.
Which of the following was a key voting bloc targeted by Richard Nixon’s presidential campaign?
  • Nixon took a hard line promising to roll back integration laws and repeal the Civil Rights Act in order to appeal to Southern whites.
  • Nixon focused on winning the support of anti-war Americans who sought assurances that America would exit the war and outlined a very detailed timeline for doing so.
  • Nixon appealed to what he called the “silent majority” of Americans who wanted an end to the constant protests and violent uprisings taking place in America.
  • Nixon adopted many of the policies of the late Senator Robert F. Kennedy in an effort to try and woo the late senator’s supporters.
What was Vietnamization?
  • the term given to the influence of the Vietnam War on American popular culture
  • the term given to Richard Nixon’s plan to hand over much of the active participation in the Vietnam war to the South Vietnamese and gradually withdraw American troops
  • the term given to the influence of Vietnamese culture on American G.I.s
  • the term given to the North Vietnamese tactic of brainwashing American G.I.s to either abandon their missions or switch to the enemy’s side
What was the reaction to Nixon’s decision to use American troops to intervene in the Cambodian civil war?
  • Despite a public backlash, members of Congress largely applauded the move as a key step in resisting the spread of communism.
  • Congress was not overly enthusiastic about Nixon’s decision, but they supported him and helped make the case to the American people that the intervention was not only worthwhile, but crucial.
  • There was tremendous anger and dissatisfaction from both Congress and the American people.
  • The reaction to the Cambodian intervention was muted due to the fact that Nixon withheld the bulk of the details about it from both Congress and the American public.
What effect did the Paris Peace Accords have on the Vietnam War?
  • The Paris Peace Accords settled the lingering disputes between the North and South Vietnamese and allowed the United States to back out of the region having successfully prevented the further spread of communism.
  • The Paris Peace Accords did not successfully end the Vietnam War, but they afforded the United States the opportunity to exit the conflict.
  • The Paris Peace Accords effectively ended the Vietnam War and allowed the French to reenter Vietnam in an oversight capacity.
  • The Paris Peace Accords shifted America’s commitment to supporting the South Vietnamese to the much larger NATO alliance. This new partnership for led an outmatched North Vietnam to surrender.
What was the ultimate outcome of the Vietnam War?
  • Despite a final offensive launched by the North Vietnamese, the Paris Peace Accords would ultimately be honored. The divide between North and South Vietnam would remain with a demilitarized border between the two.
  • The Paris Peace Accords led to the end of all fighting in Vietnam. Both North and South Vietnam agreed to hold national elections to unify the country.
  • The South Vietnamese disregarded the Paris Peace Accords and successfully took control over North Vietnam in a last-ditch offensive in the winter of 1975.
  • The North Vietnamese successfully infiltrated the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon and made all of Vietnam a single, unified communist nation.
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Multiple Choice Questions
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