Q.1
If a cave forms on a headland the waves may erode through to form what sort of feature?
  • Stack
  • Arch
  • Wave cut platform
  • Stump
Q.2
Which of the following refers to a coastline made of bands of various types of geology, including hard and soft rock?
  • Discordant coastline
  • Concordant coastline
  • Uncordant coastline
  • Variable coastline
Q.3
Why might a bay form?
  • On a discordant coastline the softer rock will be rapidly eroded away, leaving the harder rock to form headlands
  • On a concordant coastline weaknesses allow the water to work its way in and eventually erode a large area
  • A collapsed volcanic crater is flooded leaving a sheltered area
  • Former river valleys are flooded and form ports that gradually turn into bays
Q.4
Which type of underlying geology is most likely to be formed into straight cliffs?
  • Soft rocks like mudstone and siltstone
  • Hard rocks including granite and basalt
  • Loose materials like soils and sands
  • Rocks that are partially soluble
Q.5
As a wave undercuts a cliff the cliff retreats. What feature is left behind as the cliff retreats?
  • Beach
  • Headland
  • Blowhole
  • Wave cut platform
Q.6
When the waves attack the base of the cliff they can undercut the overlying rock, forming what sort of feature?
  • Raised beach
  • Wave cut notch
  • Arch
  • Stack
Q.7
An unusual geological feature forms when caves erode inland and, through hydraulic action, create gaps in the rock to the surface. As a wave pushes in the water is forced out of the top, often in a spout. What are these features known as?
  • Blowholes
  • Arches
  • Spots
  • Geysers
Q.8
'Old Harry Rocks' in Dorset are examples of an erosional feature left behind after an arch collapses. These tall columns of rocks are known as what?
  • Stacks
  • Stumps
  • Columns
  • Megaliths
Q.9
When waves hit the cliff face they force air deeper into the cracks in the cliff face, which can weaken and lead to the erosion of this material. This form of erosion is known as what?
  • Saltation
  • Abrasion
  • Attrition
  • Hydraulic action
Q.10
How are stacks eroded to form stumps?
  • The rain and sea spray attack the stack from the top, gradually dissolving the rocks
  • The top-heavy nature of the stack, that may retain a lot of the material from the arch, will break off at the base far below sea level
  • The waves attack the base of the stack until it collapses under its own weight
  • Sediment washing along the coastline will build up and absorb the stack back into a larger landform
0 h : 0 m : 1 s