Q.1
Among the following which one is not the approach to the local alignment?
  • Smith-Waterman algorithm
  • K-tuple method
  • Words method
  • Needleman-Wunsch algorithm
Q.2
The legless condition that is observed in several groups of extant reptiles is the result of
  • their common ancestor having been legless
  • a shared adaptation to an arboreal (living in trees) lifestyle
  • several instances of the legless condition arising independently of each other
  • individual lizards adapting to a fossorial (living in burrows) lifestyle during their lifetimes
Q.3
The scientific discipline concerned with naming organisms is called -
  • taxonomy
  • cladistics
  • binomial nomenclature
  • systematics
Q.4
Which of the following does not describe local alignment algorithm?
  • Score can be negative
  • Negative score is set to 0
  • First row and first column are set to 0 in initialization step
  • In traceback step, beginning is with the highest score, it ends when 0 is encountered
Q.5
Which information was most important to the development of genetic engineering techniques?
  • the observation of nondominant alleles
  • the discovery of lethal genes
  • the formulation of Punnett squares
  • the structure of the DNA molecule
Q.6
Name a way that genetic engineering in plants is beneficial
  • Decreased crop yield
  • Decreased resistance to disease
  • Increased resistance to disease
  • Increased pests
Q.7
When did Smith–Waterman first describe the algorithm for local alignment?
  • 1950
  • 1970
  • 1981
  • 1925
Q.8
Which of the following does not describe local alignment?
  • A local alignment aligns a substring of the query sequence to a substring of the target sequence
  • A local alignment is defined by maximizing the alignment score, so that deleting a column from either end would reduce the score, and adding further columns at either end would also reduce the score
  • Local alignments have terminal gaps
  • The substrings to be examined may be all of one or both sequences; if all of both are included then the local alignment is also global
Q.9
Genetic engineering has produced goats whose milk contains proteins that can be used as medicines. This effect was produced by
  • mixing genes into the milk
  • injecting genes into the goats udders
  • inserting foreign genes into fertilized goat eggs
  • genetically modifying the nutritional needs of the goats offspring
Q.10
Chromosomal rearrangements due to insertion sequences have apparently contributed to the evolution of several human pathogens.
  • TRUE
  • FALSE
Q.11
An organism that is produced by asexual reproduction and that is genetically identical to its parent; to make a genetic duplicate
  • cloning by nuclear transfer
  • gene therapy
  • clone
  • Human Genome Project
Q.12
Which alignment is useful to detect the highly similar sequences.
  • Pairwise
  • Local
  • Global
  • MSA
Q.13
The choice of a suitable multiple sequence alignment method depends on the degree of variation among the sequences.
  • True
  • False
Q.14
In the bootstrap method, the data are resampled by _____ choosing _____ columns from the aligned sequences to produce, in effect, a new sequence alignment of the _____
  • randomly, horizontal, same length
  • specifically, vertical, different lengths
  • randomly, vertical, same length
  • randomly, vertical, different lengths
Q.15
Local alignments are more used when _____________
  • There are totally similar and equal length sequences
  • Dissimilar sequences are suspected to contain regions of similarity
  • Similar sequence motif with larger sequence context
  • Partially similar, different length and conserved region containing sequences
Q.16
TWhich technology below would probably be the most important to a person who had diabetes and had to take insulin every day?
  • using recombinant DNA to produce human hormones from bacteria
  • testing parents for genetic disorders before they have children
  • engineering fruits and vegetables that resist insects and other pests
  • C. developing ways to identify criminals through DNA fingerprinting
Q.17
Vectors
  • plasmid or virus that contains or carries modified genetic material
  • They can be used to represent any quantity that has magnitude, has direction
  • displacement
  • velocity
Q.18
BLAST uses a _______ to find matching words, whereas FASTA identifies identical matching words using the _____
  • substitution matrix, hashing procedure
  • substitution matrix, blocks
  • hashing procedure, substitution matrix
  • ktups, substitution matrix
Q.19
The gapped portion in the diagonals represents matches in FASTA.
  • True
  • False
Q.20
FASTA is derived from logic of the dot plot.
  • True
  • False
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