Q.1
How do viruses cause disease?
  • by secreting toxins
  • by producing excess waste
  • by damaging or killing cells
  • by competing with healthy cells for nutrients
Q.2
What is most likely the greatest economic benefit for North Carolina from biotechnology?
  • improvements in DNA testing leading to more arrests
  • fewer people who use laboratory-created human insulin
  • increased disease-resistant crops and greater crop yields
Q.3
Which disease is caused by a virus?
  • rabies
  • AIDS
  • lyme disease
Q.4
Which characteristic makes bacteria suitable for scientific research of disease?
  • They are multicellular.
  • They reproduce rapidly.
  • They keep virus populations under control.
  • They grow in four stages allowing growth control.
Q.5
Which helps humans to resist an infectious disease?
  • heredity
  • immunity
  • pathogens
  • vectors
Q.6
Based just on the name, which of the following groups of bacteria contains entirely species that consume organic compounds for food?
  • cyanobacteria
  • green nonsulfur bacteria
  • green sulfur bacteria
  • nonphotosynthetic bacteria
Q.7
Organism that is genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism.
  • bacteria
  • forensics
  • transgenic organism
  • penicillin
Q.8
Which disease-causing agent could quickly multiply into colonies of billions of cells in the space of a drop of water?
  • fungi
  • viruses
  • bacteria
  • protists
Q.9
Which would be least effective in preventing the spread of a disease-causing organism?
  • using vaccines
  • decreasing pesticide use
  • using antibiotics
  • All of above
Q.10
The Anopheles mosquito transmits the parasite Plasmodium to humans. Plasmodium causes malaria. In this situation, which is the vector of the disease?
  • Anopheles mosquito
  • Plasmodium
  • human
  • malaria
Q.11
A disease caused by a pathogen is called a(n)
  • virus
  • immune disease
  • infectious disease
  • non infectious disease
Q.12
Which of the following is not true about the process of fermentation?
  • It can help preserve foods, preventing spoilage.
  • It converts sugars to organic acids, alcohols, and/or gases such as carbon dioxide.
  • It is carried out exclusively by unicellular eukaryotes such as yeast.
  • It is used to make foods such as cheese and bread.
Q.13
Which of the following is true of the microbial world?
  • All microbes are harmful
  • Many microbes are pathogenic
  • Most microbes are helpful
  • Humans could survive without microbes
Q.14
Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology is used primarily as which of the following?
  • a guide to bacterial shapes
  • a list and characterization of all known medically relevant microbes
  • a reference for bacterial classification
  • a historical account of changes in classification techniques
Q.15
Which is the best description of the primary purpose of a phylogeny?
  • Phylogenies show all the alterative names for each species.
  • . Phylogenies show all the common names for each species.
  • Phylogenies show evolutionary relatedness between organisms.
  • Phylogenies show interactions between species in a shared habitat.
Q.16
Viruses not included in phylogenetic trees for which of the following reasons?
  • It is too difficult to observe their characteristics.
  • They lack a nucleus.
  • They are acellular and nonliving.
  • They do not have any genes, which prevents genetic analysis.
Q.17
Which leads to the conclusion that strep throat is a bacterial infection?
  • Strep throat is treated with vaccines.
  • Strep throat is treated with antibiotics.
  • A strep infection will go away without being treated.
  • A person who has strep throat can never have it again.
Q.18
What is most unique about E. coli?
  • It is a bacteria that causes illness in humans.
  • It is a bacteria that has caused outbreaks through contaminated food.
  • It is harmless in animals’ intestines, but if ingested may cause illness.
Q.19
Which best compares a virus to a bacterium?
  • A virus is a large, living particle, and a bacterium is a large, living cell.
  • A virus is a tiny, nonliving particle, and a bacterium is a large, living cell.
Q.20
Which best explains why antibiotics are ineffective in treating viral infections?
  • Viruses destroy the antibiotic.
  • Antibiotics only kill living cells.
  • Antibiotics increase the rate of viral growth.
  • Viruses escape antibiotics by hiding in cells.
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