Q.1
A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA.
  • DNA ligase
  • restriction enzymes
  • gel electrophoresis
  • polymerase chain reaction
Q.2
Why must annealing of primers take place at between- 65oC?
  • To prevent Taq polymerase from denaturing, allowing it to catalyse the binding of primers to the target gene.
  • To ensure that primer annealing happens quickly - higher rate of reaction as temperature is high.
  • To allow the formation of hydrogen bonds between the primer and target gene.
  • To prevent the formation of hydrogen bonds between the primer and target gene.
Q.3
What is the best definition for "primer"?
  • An oligonucleotide of unknown sequence that is used to amplify the target gene.
  • An oligonucleotide of known sequence that is used to amplify the target gene.
  • An oligonucleotide of known sequence that is annealed to the target gene, allowing Taq polymerase to bind.
  • A section of DNA on the target gene that is the binding site for Taq polymerase.
Q.4
At what temperature does denaturation take place in PCR?
  • 50 - 65oC
  • 94oC
  • 37oC
  • 72oC
Q.5
At what temperature does annealing of primers take place in PCR?
  • 50 - 65oC
  • 94oC
  • 37oC
  • 72oC
Q.6
At what temperature does extension of the target gene take place in PCR?
  • 50 - 65oC
  • 94oC
  • 37oC
  • 72oC
Q.7
What is the name of the enzyme used to extend the target gene?
  • Tac polymerase
  • Taq polymerase
  • DNA polymerase
  • Yak polymerase
Q.8
What is the best definition for "dNTP"
  • A nitrogenous base bound to a 5 carbon sugar with 3 phosphate groups bound to the sugar.
  • A nitrogenous base bound to a 5 carbon sugar.
  • The generic name for a nucleotide base.
  • The generic name for a nucleoside base.
Q.9
[Bonus!] You decide to use PCR to determine if you have the allele for cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder. You then decide to also check if you have the allele of a different gene that puts you at risk for developing Alzheimers disease.What PCR "ingredient" would be different in these two tests?
  • Template DNA
  • Nucleotides
  • Taq DNA polymerase
  • Primers
Q.10
Why is Taq DNA polymerase special?
  • It can separate DNA strands quickly
  • It can read template DNA quickly
  • It can withstand high temperatures needed for PCR
  • It isn't special - all type of cells make Taq DNA polymerase
Q.11
During PCR annealing phase, primers are able to
  • bind to random sequences
  • bind to complementary DNA sequences
  • bind to exactly the same DNA sequences
  • bind to antisense DNA
Q.12
A scientist isolates a cell line characterized by unusual cell division. In these cells, many small fragments of DNA are found. A defective ____ enzyme may be responsible.
  • DNA ligase
  • DNA polymerase I
  • DNA polymerase III
  • Primase
Q.13
If DNA polymerase could add bases in thetodirection, there would be no need for
  • Okazaki fragments
  • DNA ligase
  • Primase
  • Helicase
Q.14
The enzyme ________ unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix.
  • DNA polymerase
  • Helicase
  • DNA ligase
  • Topoisomerase
Q.15
DNA replication results in
  • 2 completely new DNA molecules
  • 2 DNA molecules that each contain a strand of the original DNA molecule
  • 1 new DNA molecule and 1 original DNA molecule
  • 2 DNA molecules, each with original and new parts of DNA interspersed
Q.16
Replication proceeds in a ____ to _____ direction.
  • 3' to 5'
  • 3' to 3'
  • 5' to 3'
  • 5' to 5'
Q.17
Starting with 15N(heavy) DNA, and after one generation in themedium, Escherichia coli cells will contain
  • all 15N14N (hybrid) DNA.
  • half 15N15N DNA (heavy) and half 14N14N DNA (light).
  • half 14N14N (light) DNA and half 15N14N (hybrid) DNA.
  • all 14N14N (light) DNA.
Q.18
Which radioactive element was used in Meselson and Stahl's experiments?
  • 14C
  • 15N
  • 32P
  • 35S
Q.19
Which scientists proved that DNA replication is semi-conservative?
  • Hershey and Chase
  • Watson and Crick
  • Meselson and Stahl
  • Franklin and Wilkins
Q.20
What type of bonds hold the two strands of DNA together?
  • Hydrogen bonds
  • Covalent bonds
  • Dipole-Dipole bonds
  • Ionic bonds
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