This type of drawing is created to calculate areas, locate property lines, and locate building projects and facilities:

These maps are used in planning installations of trees, shrubbery, drives, and other garden features:

Commonly, elevations are referenced to mean sea level.

These are accurately drawn maps of cities and towns showing property lines and other features that control property ownership:

An elevation drawing consists of a series of intersecting straight lines of accurately measured lengths.

These are special installations of stone or concrete marking the locations of points accurately determined by precise surveying:

Monuments marking surveying points are typically not intended to be permanent.

Hatchures are short, parallel, or slightly divergent lines drawn in the direction of a slope.

A plat is a map of a small area that is plotted from a land survey.

Topography is the science or art of map making.

Nautical maps and charts show prominent landmarks used for air navigators.

These are vertical distances above a common datum, reference plane, or point:

A contour interval is the horizontal distance between horizontal planes passing through successive contours.

Hydrographic maps convey information concerning bodies of water.

Engineering maps are typically made for special projects as an aid to locations and construction.

The bearing of a line is its angle from magnetic south.

On a single contour line, all points have the same elevation.

These are lines drawn on a map to locate, in the plan view, points of equal ground elevation:

Before highway construction begins, it is usually necessary to plan the horizontal and vertical location and alignments.

Differential leveling is the process of using a level and a telescope to determine differences in elevation.