Q.1
Leaping forward through the many intervening centuries, we arrive at what C S Lewis ~ he of the Narnia books ~ in the title of another more serious work, called 'the Problem of Pain': how can a truly loving God stand aloof while His world is full of people and peoples that are suffering daily, with illnesses, inequality and persecution, homelessness and a depressing range of other ills? What would be the nub of a Christian response to this challenge?
  • It was humans who largely created these imbalances through their greed and self-indulgence, so humanity owes it to itself to get on and put matters right by its own efforts
  • In this world which is all most of us know, the influence of Satan / The Devil / Lucifer (a fallen angel) can bring about suffering; but in the eternal perspective, the love of God is triumphant
  • Jesus (as God incarnate) has already, historically, suffered about as much as any human could expect to; He did this on our behalf as an expression of God's love, and opened a way of hope that even the most wretched people on earth today can know as a source of eternal consolation
  • If we had all the answers, we would need to be on a level with God Himself, which would be arrogant and ridiculous; meanwhile we should say our prayers and try the best we can to help others
Q.2
What can, and do, individual Christians actively do to relieve the sufferings of other people? Here is a range of examples: please click on whichever you believe to be the most appropriate answer.
  • As part of their responsible citizenship and stewardship, Christians can make every practicable effort to minimise their potentially selfish impact on the rest of the world, e.g. by living sustainably as far as possible, supporting food banks and giving a portion of their time and money to charity work ~ perhaps in a sector to which they feel particularly drawn, such as research into major illnesses they have come across in their own family or community
  • Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) followed 'God's call' to vastly improve nursing care for soldiers in the Crimea, and went on, in effect, to become the 'mother of modern nursing'
  • Christians today can support actively (financially &/or practically) such charities as Christian Aid, and sponsor medical and educational support for children in the Third World through a range of Christian relief agencies such as World Vision
  • Individual and private initiative can take many forms ('God moves in a mysterious way His wonders to perform', as an old hymn puts it) ... but many people each making whatever difference they can is, in itself, a worthy and worthwhile example of His will being done on earth (as per the Lord's Prayer) ~ including the recognition and alleviation of suffering. Therefore any and all of the above answers, and many other fine possibilities, are true
Q.3
2017 marks the 50th anniversary of the opening, in the UK, of the first modern hospice. Which of the following is NOT true about this, and the hospice movement in general?
  • Although 'hospices' of worthwhile sorts have existed for hundreds of years, the modern sense of the term denotes a centre (usually with, or within, a religious foundation) where terminally-ill people are holistically looked after, i.e. their symptoms are palliated and they are given full pastoral support and as positive a quality of life as possible ~ within a personalised 'package' of treatment, care and activities, including support for the family both towards and beyond the primary person's death
  • The modern hospice movement was founded by Dame Cicely Saunders who was, herself, a nurse with chronic health problems of her own. Within 50 years, hospices have been established in over 100 countries (i.e. around, or over, half the nations of the world)
  • The value of the contribution of hundreds of thousands of volunteers supporting British hospices has been officially estimated at almost £100 million
  • Credible statistics suggest that over the past 10 years or so, 1 in 25 registered deaths across England and Wales has taken place in a Hospice
Q.4
The Bible's first book, 'Genesis', tries ~ among much else ~ to account for the presence of 'sin' and evil in a world which God had created: you may be familiar with the story of The Fall in the Garden of Eden. Where did this original sin come from?
  • It was all the Devil's fault
  • It was God's fault for including anything other, and less perfect, than Himself in His scheme of creation
  • God had created the first humans with free will, which included the potential to go 'wrong'
  • Inherent human curiosity was always likely to lead to occasional mistakes and misjudgements
Q.5
Exodus, the next Old Testament book, includes the Ten Commandments, in the context of a 'contract' between God and His chosen people ~ whereby He would look after them, provided (somewhat as in the Garden of Eden) they abided by a small number of cardinal rules, which were as much for their own and each other's good. The way these Commandments were organised, itself, gives a hefty clue as to how humans should prioritise their beliefs and actions in order to avoid trouble. Which of the following best summarises this structure?
  • Five commandments about living peaceably with others, then five about keeping right with God
  • Six commandments about living peaceably with others, then four about keeping right with God
  • Four commandments about living peaceably with others, then five about keeping right with God
  • Four commandments about keeping right with God, then six about living peaceably with others
Q.6
Many of us have probably tried, at one time or another, to categorise our 'sins' and misdemeanours, believing that some are more serious than others in an attempt to square an uneasy conscience. We talk of 'white lies' (giving an easy if misleading answer, in order to be kind and avoid offending or inconveniencing someone; is that so wrong?), and assume that pinching a few envelopes or paper-clips from our workplace (which is technically theft) is no great sin, especially since we worked a few extra minutes the other day on something else. Yet even one minor lapse, however well-intentioned, renders us less than perfect. The following are a selection of Bible verses on this theme, with ONE exception which is either completely made-up or at least significantly distorted. Which is this wrong one?
  • 'All have sinned, and all have fallen short of the glory of God'
  • 'The blood of Jesus is shed for many, for the forgiveness of sins'
  • 'God so loved the world that He gave His only Son, that anyone who believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life'
  • 'We are each born to sin and without hope'
Q.7
In this globalised world of the 21st century, anyone's actions may well have 'sinful' consequences against unseen other people. Our simple morning routines of washing, dressing and having breakfast involve actions within whole chains that could unwittingly include pollution (with packaging and effluent by-products of cosmetics), the exploitation of workers (where did your cheap socks come from, and what were their makers paid?) and collusion in the maltreatment of other creatures (e.g. the battery-farmed hens which produced your eggs without ever having seen daylight nor grass, in the traditional natural way). It could be argued that modern life takes materialism for granted and is inherently, practically unavoidably sinful. One radical option would be to revert to a more 'pure and primitive' way of life, such as has been being lived in North America by an extended community of (now) around a quarter of a million people in a tradition dating back about three centuries. Who are these?
  • The Amish
  • The Ammonites
  • The Agapemmonites
  • The Areopagites
Q.8
Which of the following was NOT said by Jesus in various discussions about forgiveness?
  • 'Turn the other cheek'
  • 'An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth'
  • ' ... forgive your brother seventy times seven'
  • 'Their sin is eternal death'
Q.9
Which of the following is NOT true about Christianity and prisons?
  • Prisoners were one category on Jesus' list of examples of people to whom believers could bring practical help by visiting, along with the sick. Some of the early Apostles were later imprisoned for their beliefs
  • Many of the great humanitarian prison reformers were active Christians, such as the Quaker Elizabeth Fry
  • John Bunyan wrote the perennial Christian classic 'Pilgrim's Progress' while he was in Bedford Jail (for refusing to cease preaching as a Nonconformist ~ which, in the wake of the Civil War, was an illegal and hence imprisonable activity)
  • (Opt for this answer if you believe ALL the others above are TRUE)
Q.10
From time to time amid so much gloomy general news, a story comes out about a Christian (usually) forgiving someone who has done them, or their family, a seriously major wrong. Readers who happen to be cynical about religious faith may find these stories surprising, even distasteful, and wonder whether the forgivers are 'only doing it for the publicity' in some (understandably) disturbed bid for attention and/or therapy. The following ~ bar ONE exception which, as usual, we invite you to identify ~ are all documented recent cases ... which one is the exception?
  • A woman pastor in India was on a shopping trip with her twin babies when a drugged driver lost control of his car, which hurtled into them. One baby died at the scene, the other was permanently injured and the mother suffered two broken limbs, from which in due course she recovered. She found it in her heart to forgive the driver and visited him in jail, where he found faith of his own (at least partly through her forgiveness), and shortly after his release she was able to baptise him into her own church
  • Anthony Colon lost his brother to a random gunman in New York, but found faith and helped support Michael Rowe, the killer, through 20 years' jail during which he (Rowe) studied for three university degrees by distance learning. He had met Rowe in jail, as though by chance, during a visit to someone else; they had recognised one another and walked the path of reconciliation rather than retribution. Colon attended Rowe's graduation ceremony, putting on his robe, and pleaded in his favour at the parole hearing prior to Rowe's release
  • The Dutch Christian, writer and Holocaust survivor Corrie ten Boom was once preaching on forgiveness at a church in Munich: a former camp guard from Ravensbruck (where Corrie's sister had died) came up afterwards ~ without recognising Corrie as a former inmate ~ to seek forgiveness for the atrocities of which he had been part. After briefly praying, she was able to shake his hand
  • In the USA (several of whose States retain the death penalty) there is a worthy and influential organisation called Murder Victims' Families for Reconciliation, linked with the World Wide Forgiveness Alliance
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